The density of 18% HCl is 1.09g/ml. Calculate its molarity (M).
In one step it is
1.09 g/mL x 1000 mL x 0.18 x (1/36.5) = ?
mass of 1000 mL solution is 1.09 x 1000 mL = and let's call that y.
Only 18% is HCl. How many grams is that? That's y g x 0.18 = ? and that is z grams HCl.
Since 1 mol has a mass of 36.5 g, how many mols is that. That's zg x (1mol/36.5g) = ? mols.
That is the molarity (M) since that is mols/L of solution.
To calculate the molarity (M) of a solution, we need to know the density and the percent concentration of the solute.
Given:
Density of 18% HCl = 1.09 g/ml
First, we need to convert the percent concentration to the mass concentration in grams. We assume a volume of 100 ml, which means that 18 ml of the solution is HCl.
Percent concentration of HCl = 18% = 18 g/100 ml
Now, we can calculate the mass of HCl in 1 ml of the solution:
Mass of HCl in 1 ml = (18 g / 100 ml) x 1 ml = 0.18 g/ml
Next, we can calculate the molarity (M) using the formula:
Molarity (M) = (mass of solute in grams) / (volume of solution in liters)
Since the density is given in g/ml, we need to convert it to liters:
Volume of solution = 1 ml = 1 ml / 1000 ml/L = 0.001 L
Now we can calculate the molarity:
Molarity (M) = (0.18 g) / (0.001 L) = 180 g/L
Therefore, the molarity of the 18% HCl solution is 180 M.
To calculate the molarity (M) of a solution, we need to know the density and the percent (w/v) of the solute.
Given:
Density of 18% HCl = 1.09 g/ml
To start, we need to convert the percent (w/v) to grams of solute per liter of solution.
Step 1: Calculate the mass of the solute (HCl) in 100 ml (0.1 L) of the solution.
Since the percentage given is a weight/volume percent, it means that we have 18 g of HCl dissolved in 100 ml of the solution.
18% HCl = 18 g/100 ml
= 0.18 g/ml
So, the mass of HCl in 0.1 L (100 ml) of the solution is 0.18 g/ml * 100 ml = 18 g
Step 2: Calculate the molarity (M) by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.
To calculate the moles of solute (HCl), we need to determine its molar mass. The molar mass of HCl is 36.46 g/mol (1 mol of H + 1 mol of Cl).
The number of moles (n) can be calculated using the formula:
n = mass (in grams) / molar mass
n = 18 g / 36.46 g/mol ≈ 0.493 mol
The volume of the solution in liters is 0.1 L.
Now, you can calculate the molarity (M):
Molarity (M) = moles (n) / volume (V)
M = 0.493 mol / 0.1 L
M ≈ 4.93 M
Therefore, the molarity of 18% HCl solution is approximately 4.93 M.