Question 1
1-The quality of a children’s attachments has been found to affect
a-what children expect social interactions to be like.
b-whether children remember positive or negative aspects of events better.
c-children’s concepts of themselves.
d-all of the above. (I chose this one)
Question 2
1-Contemporary developmentalists focus on which question concerning nature and nurture?
a-Is nature the most important determinant of developmental change?
b-Is nurture the most important determinant of developmental change?
c-How do we explain the mechanisms by which nature and nurture interact to affect development? (I chose this one)
d-Why is nurture most influential at certain developmental periods?
Question 3
1-Research on sex role development indicates that mothers talk more to girls, that parents talk more about emotions to girls, that parents put more pressure on boys to suppress crying, and that teachers are more disapproving of girls than of boys when they are highly active. Which of the following theories would argue that these modeling and rewarding processes are the most important influences on sex differences in behavior?
a-Cognitive theories
b-Psychoanalytic (Freudian) theories
c-Social learning theories (I chose this one)
d-Biological theories
Question 4
1-Counselors use Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory most explicitly in their work with clients when they
a-recognize the primary importance of genetic influences on behavior.
b-consider multiple levels of influence on the individual and select interventions that are targeted to multiple levels. (I chose this one)
c-pay close attention to the stage of development that characterizes the client.
d-understand that client’s developmental tasks must be met in each stage of development.
Question 5
1-The following are all parts of the process and application of genetic counseling except:
a-constructing a pedigree that illustrates the patterns of genetic inheritance in the families.
b-helping clients manage the emotional consequences of genetic testing.
c-disputing clients’ irrational ideas about genetic testing. (I chose this one)
d-helping clients anticipate the consequences of possible medical disorders and secure appropriate care.
Question 6
1-Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bruce, consults a counselor because of her son’s development. Mrs. Harmon is concerned that Bruce has not learned to speak very well. He has a limited vocabulary and seems content to point to the things he wants. Mrs. Harmon has read several child development books which indicate that Bruce should be in the stage of language learning. Mrs. Harmon fears that Bruce is not keeping up developmentally. Considering Piaget’s theory on cognitive development in early childhood, what would be your best advice?
a-Pay no attention to developmental theories and treat each child as an individual.
b-Since Bruce has not made progress in language, he appears developmentally delayed and should be referred immediately for a speech and language evaluation.
c-Consider information on developmental stages as useful guidelines but explain that there is a range of normal development within each stages. (I chose this one)
d-Give her exercises to use with Bruce, such as flashcards, to increase his knowledge of vocabulary.
Question 7
1-When 30-month-old Sabrina does not comply with requests, her mother tells her that she is not acting like a good girl and that Sabrina’s father and older sisters will be disappointed. She is told to wait until they come home when she will receive some consequence for her misbehavior. What advice should a counselor give to Sabrina’s mother?
a-Even though Sabrina might not like her mother’s approach, be consistent with this approach because she’ll eventually understand and learn to comply.
b-Do not tell Sabrina that her older sisters will be disappointed with her because this causes sibling rivalry.
c-At her age, any consequence for misbehavior should be immediate, because Sabrina will have difficulty understanding the relationship between cause and effect when consequences are so delayed. (I chose this one)
d-It is better to take action that is more concrete, such as spanking Sabrina for misbehavior.
Question 8
1-Becky is struggling to learn her alphabet letters. Her kindergarten teacher, frustrated by failed attempts to teach her, says to Becky, “All the other girls and boys can write most of the letters and you can’t even say their names. What’s wrong? Aren’t you trying hard enough?” The teacher believes she is motivating the child to work harder, so she continues to compare Becky to the others.
Based upon Charles Cooley’s view of self-development (looking-glass self), which of the following most clearly reflects his idea?
a-Becky will develop a sense of agency because she is more motivated to compete with her peers.
b-Becky will not develop a sense of agency because she is not given adequate support.
c-Becky will work harder to develop her sense of self-esteem because she wants to please her teacher.
d-Becky will incorporate her teacher’s negative evaluations into her construction of her own sense of competence. (I chose this one)
Question 9
1-According to Bowlby’s attachment theory, which of the following purpose(s) have attachment systems evolved to serve, for both the younger and the older infant?
a-Growth of number skills
b-Assuring survival and security (I chose this one)
c-Assuring language development
d-Growth of a wide range of emotions
Question 10
1-In a study of American Indian families who moved out of poverty (the “ex-poor”), what were the effects (if any) on children’s behavior?
a-The improvement in income had no discernable effects on children’s behavior.
b-There was a significant decline in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant behavior over four years. (I chose this one)
c-There was a significant increase in internalizing problems (depressive symptoms) over four years.
d-There was a significant increase in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant behavior over four years.
Question 11
1-William Perry’s theory on cognitive and moral development of college students holds that the college experience fosters cognitive development because
a-students build on the skills learned in high school.
b-students are confronted with a diversity of beliefs and values which they must accommodate. (I chose this one)
c-students learn from professors who embody intellectual authority.
d-students learn to value their own opinions.
Question 12
1-Individuals who are “off-time” with regard to the social clock
a-are retired.
b-are uncertain about when to make major changes in their lives, such as when to retire or move to a smaller home.
c-have not met their social goals (getting married, getting promoted, having children) at time consistent with their expectations. (I chose this one)
d-are obsessive about being on time.
Question 13
1-Theories and research such as Holland’s and Super’s, strongly suggest that on job satisfaction indicates which of the following?
a-Job satisfaction is more closely related to monetary compensation than to any other variable.
b-Job satisfaction is most closely related to sociability: sociable individuals are more likely to be satisfied with any job than non-sociable individuals.
c-How well personality characteristics match the demands of a job is an important ingredient in job satisfaction. (I chose this one)
d-Job satisfaction actually has nothing to do with how well personality characteristics match the demands of the job.
Question 14
1-Counselors need to recognize that girls’ antisocial behavior in late childhood
a-is likely to include non-confrontational aggressive behaviors, like social ostracism and spreading rumors. (I chose this one)
b-has been linked to later anxiety and depression.
c-will not have long term negative consequences.
d-a and b
Question 15
1-In regards to new evidence about grief work, the period of time that is now considered “normal” for grieving and depressive symptoms after the death of a loved one is
a-two months.
b-six months. (I chose this one)
c-two years.
d-something that helping professionals have not achieved consensus on.
Question 16
1-In considering the role of the parents in chapter 10, and Baumrind’s theory of parenting styles; which of the following parenting styles is most closely associated with positive outcomes in psychosocial development and school achievement for adolescents?
a-Authoritative (I chose this one)
b-Authoritarian
c-Permissive or indulgent
d-Neglecting or uninvolved
Question 17
1-According to Selman’s stages of friendship, stage 4 requires an individual’s increasing ability to balance
a-intimacy and autonomy. (I chose this one)
b-conflict and harmony.
c-transforming and maintaining.
d-bullying and giving in.
Question 18
1-Ms. Jackson, a middle school counselor, is concerned about the special problems girls face at adolescence. Consider the research evidence for gender differences in self-esteem during middle childhood through early adolescent development. Which of the following interventions would be best?
a-Restructure the curriculum to teach subjects from a feminist perspective in order to empower girls.
b-Respond more favorably to initiatives developed by girls in the school, giving them priority over boys’ initiatives in order to redress past inequality.
c-Conduct group counseling sessions for all female students as a preventive intervention for eating disorders and depression.
d-Provide opportunities, modeling, and support for both girls and boys to select courses and activities that could be considered non-traditional with regard to gender. (I chose this one)
Question 19
1-It’s a typical day for Tessa, a counselor who works with teenagers. Darren explains to her that he came to school high on drugs because he can get away with it. He believes his teachers are clueless when it comes to spotting kids on drugs. Considering theories on cognitive development during adolescence, which form of adolescent egocentrism might Elkind use to describe Darren’s view of the world?
a-Personal audience
b-Imaginary fable
c-Invincibility fable (I chose this one)
d-Personal egocentrism
Question 20
1-Ms. Hernandez is working with Peter, 4 years old, who is afraid of the dark. He believes monsters come out at night like he has seen on TV. Ms. Hernandez patiently explains that there are no real monsters, yet to no avail. Peter still refuses to go to sleep. What might Piaget propose as the reason for this treatment failure?
a-Ms. Hernandez has not challenged Peter’s irrational beliefs in a way that gets his attention.
b-Peter, at 4, still has difficulty understanding that monsters are not real because he sees monsters on TV. (I chose this one)
c-Peter can understand what Ms. Hernandez is telling him, but he has difficulty expressing his feelings about it.
d-Peter’s parents have not done enough explaining about the true nature of TV monsters so that he can better understand.
Dr Jones encountered a problem with a new client in therapy. Using the model of reflective practice described in Chapter 1, what is the sequence of steps he should use in order to work with this client effectively?
Selected Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Correct Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Question 2
2 out of 2 points
Using Erikson’s developmental theory as a framework, which of the following statements is an accurate representation of his ideas?
Selected Answer:
C.
Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
Correct Answer:
C.
Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
Question 3
0 out of 2 points
Models of development which hold that change occurs as a function of reciprocal influences, both from within the person and from the external environment are called:
Selected Answer:
A.
Incremental models
Correct Answer:
C.
Multidimensional models
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
In Bronfenbrenner’s model, proximal processes refer to:
Selected Answer:
C.
Reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment
Correct Answer:
C.
Reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
A kitten whose eyes are covered during the first months of its life loses the ability to see clearly in ways that would have been possible without the loss of early visual stimulation. This effect remains despite later attempts to remediate the loss. This is an example of which of the following?
Selected Answer:
B.
Critical period
Correct Answer:
B.
Critical period
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
The belief that individuals create their own knowledge by interpreting new experience in the light of past experience is a fundamental proposition of:
Selected Answer:
D.
Constructivism
Correct Answer:
D.
Constructivism
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
An attempt to forestall the development of problems by promoting health and wellness in the general population is called:
Selected Answer:
C.
Primary prevention
Correct Answer:
C.
Primary prevention
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
Counselors apply multidimensional models most explicitly in their work with clients when they:
Selected Answer:
B.
Consider levels of influence on the individual and select interventions that are targeted to more than one level
Correct Answer:
B.
Consider levels of influence on the individual and select interventions that are targeted to more than one level
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
When clinicians assess a client’s presenting problem(s) in order to plan for treatment, which of the following approaches to diagnosis reflects a developmental viewpoint?
Selected Answer:
D.
Assess the nature of the problem by considering the person’s unique history, interpersonal context, and challenges in the extra-personal environment
Correct Answer:
D.
Assess the nature of the problem by considering the person’s unique history, interpersonal context, and challenges in the extra-personal environment
Question 10
0 out of 2 points
Gisela is a 6-year-old Peruvian girl who lives with her family on a farm in a rural village. She often helps her father take produce to a market to sell. She does not know how to read, but she understands the cost of items and can make change without errors. Sophie is a 6-year-old who lives in the United States. She is in the 1st grade, is making great progress in learning to read and write, and is gaining skill in computer use. What is the best way to explain the development of these two children?
Selected Answer:
A.
The progression of cognitive development is not universal; it is different for children in different cultures.
Correct Answer:
B.
The processes involved in cognitive development are similar across cultures, but the specific kinds of knowledge acquired may differ depending upon children’s culture.
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
The epigenome is the full set of factors, from the cell to the outside world, that controls the expression of:
Selected Answer:
A.
Hereditary material
Correct Answer:
A.
Hereditary material
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is true about the effects of teratogens on the developing fetus?
Selected Answer:
B.
The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development during exposure.
Correct Answer:
B.
The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development during exposure.
Question 13
0 out of 2 points
Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?
Selected Answer:
A.
Cells from the hippocampus are instrumental in encoding memories.
Correct Answer:
D.
Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light.
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is true with respect to the impact of nurture on the fetus’s developing brain?
Selected Answer:
D.
The establishment of some synaptic connections in the fetal brain depends upon environmental input, like sound.
Correct Answer:
D.
The establishment of some synaptic connections in the fetal brain depends upon environmental input, like sound.
Question 15
0 out of 2 points
Of the following, which is the most accurate example of coaction?
Selected Answer:
C.
The environment and the genes have an equal influence on a disorder.
Correct Answer:
A.
Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment.
Question 16
0 out of 2 points
Massage therapy for infants has been very successful in promoting weight gain and social interaction, and in decreasing distress in low birth weight infants. Based upon developmental research, what is the best explanation for this?
Selected Answer:
A.
Infants’ bodies take in more nutrients when they are touched as they nurse.
Correct Answer:
B.
Touch is the best developed sense at birth and therefore the most effective avenue for soothing and regulating the newborn.
Question 17
0 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget’s theory?
Selected Answer:
A.
Piaget firmly believed that children who were at a particular stage of cognitive development had the same level of understanding in all areas, such as understanding causality, morality, agency, et cetera.
Correct Answer:
C.
Piaget believed in the dynamic quality of stages and understood that children in the same stage could vary greatly in their specific understanding of causality, morality, and so forth.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Ms. Hernandez is working with 4-year-old Peter, who is afraid of the dark. He believes monsters come out at night like he has seen on TV. Ms. Hernandez patiently explains that there are no real monsters, but to no avail Peter still refuses to go to sleep. What might Piaget propose as the reason for this treatment failure?
Selected Answer:
B.
Peter, at 4 years old, still has difficulty understanding that monsters are not real because he sees monsters on TV.
Correct Answer:
B.
Peter, at 4 years old, still has difficulty understanding that monsters are not real because he sees monsters on TV.
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Assimilation can be described as __________, and accommodation can be described as __________.
Selected Answer:
B.
incorporating information / restructuring information
Correct Answer:
B.
incorporating information / restructuring information
Question 20
0 out of 2 points
Which cognitive achievement underlies a baby’s ability to form an attachment to a specific adult, like a parent or other caregiver?
Selected Answer:
D.
Agency
Correct Answer:
B.
Object permanence
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Sam is at home with his two children, 3-year-old Daria and 6-week-old Keith. Sam is reading a story to Daria when baby Keith wakes up and screams for his bottle. Daria gets very upset when Sam leaves her to tend to the baby. Sam tries to explain to his daughter that her baby brother can’t wait, but Daria continues to insist. Sam is concerned that Daria is not accepting her new baby brother. Based on your understanding of preschoolers’ cognitive development, what would you tell Sam?
Selected Answer:
A.
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully understand the needs of another person yet.
Correct Answer:
A.
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully understand the needs of another person yet.
Question 22
2 out of 2 points
Vygotsky pointed out that children do not independently construct a definition for each a word they learn, but rather they learn the meanings that the surrounding culture has ascribed to each word. This central concept in Vygotsky’s theory is called:
Selected Answer:
D.
Mediated learning
Correct Answer:
D.
Mediated learning
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
Vygotsky believed that egocentric or private speech (talking aloud to one’s self) played an important role in cognitive development by:
Selected Answer:
B.
Helping organize young children’s thinking, as a precursor to self-regulation
Correct Answer:
B.
Helping organize young children’s thinking, as a precursor to self-regulation
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
One important lesson that people in helping professions can take from Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s work is that:
Selected Answer:
B.
Understanding how young clients think can help in structuring interventions that build effectively on existing knowledge and meanings
Correct Answer:
B.
Understanding how young clients think can help in structuring interventions that build effectively on existing knowledge and meanings
Question 25
2 out of 2 points
When 2-year-old Sabrina does not comply with requests, her mother tells her that she is not acting like a good girl and that Sabrina’s father and sisters will be disappointed. She is told to wait until they come home when she will be punished for her misbehavior. What advice should a counselor give to Sabrina’s mother?
Selected Answer:
C.
Any consequence for misbehavior should be immediate, because Sabrina is too young to understand cause and effect when the consequences are so delayed.
Correct Answer:
C.
Any consequence for misbehavior should be immediate, because Sabrina is too young to understand cause and effect when the consequences are so delayed
I've checked your first 10 answers and they are right.
I'll try to check the other 10 later.
15 -- I don't know.
I believe the others are all correct.
According to Selman’s stages of friendship, stage 4 requires an individual’s increasing ability to balance
1 4 2 4 3 6 4 7 4 5 46
test
Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Dr Jones encountered a problem with a new client in therapy. Using the model of reflective practice described in Chapter 1, what is the sequence of steps he should use in order to work with this client effectively?
Selected Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Correct Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Dr Jones encountered a problem with a new client in therapy. Using the model of reflective practice described in Chapter 1, what is the sequence of steps he should use in order to work with this client effectively?
Selected Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Correct Answer:
B.
Reflect on well-established theories; apply the theoretical knowledge to the individual's case; and then test out new ways of thinking about the problem if prior theory does not suffice
Question 2
2 out of 2 points
Using Erikson’s developmental theory as a framework, which of the following statements is an accurate representation of his ideas?
Selected Answer:
C.
Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
Correct Answer:
C.
Successful resolution of a psychosocial crisis at each stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the area of major concern.
Question 3
0 out of 2 points
Models of development which hold that change occurs as a function of reciprocal influences, both from within the person and from the external environment are called:
Selected Answer:
A.
Incremental models
Correct Answer:
C.
Multidimensional models
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
In Bronfenbrenner’s model, proximal processes refer to:
Selected Answer:
C.
Reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment
Correct Answer:
C.
Reciprocal interactions between an organism and its immediate environment
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
A kitten whose eyes are covered during the first months of its life loses the ability to see clearly in ways that would have been possible without the loss of early visual stimulation. This effect remains despite later attempts to remediate the loss. This is an example of which of the following?
Selected Answer:
B.
Critical period
Correct Answer:
B.
Critical period
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
The belief that individuals create their own knowledge by interpreting new experience in the light of past experience is a fundamental proposition of:
Selected Answer:
D.
Constructivism
Correct Answer:
D.
Constructivism
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
An attempt to forestall the development of problems by promoting health and wellness in the general population is called:
Selected Answer:
C.
Primary prevention
Correct Answer:
C.
Primary prevention
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
Counselors apply multidimensional models most explicitly in their work with clients when they:
Selected Answer:
B.
Consider levels of influence on the individual and select interventions that are targeted to more than one level
Correct Answer:
B.
Consider levels of influence on the individual and select interventions that are targeted to more than one level
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
When clinicians assess a client’s presenting problem(s) in order to plan for treatment, which of the following approaches to diagnosis reflects a developmental viewpoint?
Selected Answer:
D.
Assess the nature of the problem by considering the person’s unique history, interpersonal context, and challenges in the extra-personal environment
Correct Answer:
D.
Assess the nature of the problem by considering the person’s unique history, interpersonal context, and challenges in the extra-personal environment
Question 10
2 out of 2 points
Gisela is a 6-year-old Peruvian girl who lives with her family on a farm in a rural village. She often helps her father take produce to a market to sell. She does not know how to read, but she understands the cost of items and can make change without errors. Sophie is a 6-year-old who lives in the United States. She is in the 1st grade, is making great progress in learning to read and write, and is gaining skill in computer use. What is the best way to explain the development of these two children?
Selected Answer:
B.
The processes involved in cognitive development are similar across cultures, but the specific kinds of knowledge acquired may differ depending upon children’s culture.
Correct Answer:
B.
The processes involved in cognitive development are similar across cultures, but the specific kinds of knowledge acquired may differ depending upon children’s culture.
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
The epigenome is the full set of factors, from the cell to the outside world, that controls the expression of:
Selected Answer:
A.
Hereditary material
Correct Answer:
A.
Hereditary material
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is true about the effects of teratogens on the developing fetus?
Selected Answer:
B.
The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development during exposure.
Correct Answer:
B.
The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development during exposure.
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is the best example of neuroplasticity?
Selected Answer:
D.
Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light.
Correct Answer:
D.
Neurons that are transplanted from the auditory cortex to the visual cortex begin to perceive light.
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is true with respect to the impact of nurture on the fetus’s developing brain?
Selected Answer:
D.
The establishment of some synaptic connections in the fetal brain depends upon environmental input, like sound.
Correct Answer:
D.
The establishment of some synaptic connections in the fetal brain depends upon environmental input, like sound.
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
Of the following, which is the most accurate example of coaction?
Selected Answer:
A.
Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment.
Correct Answer:
A.
Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment.
Question 16
2 out of 2 points
Massage therapy for infants has been very successful in promoting weight gain and social interaction, and in decreasing distress in low birth weight infants. Based upon developmental research, what is the best explanation for this?
Selected Answer:
B.
Touch is the best developed sense at birth and therefore the most effective avenue for soothing and regulating the newborn.
Correct Answer:
B.
Touch is the best developed sense at birth and therefore the most effective avenue for soothing and regulating the newborn.
Question 17
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following statements is most accurate with regard to Piaget’s theory?
Selected Answer:
C.
Piaget believed in the dynamic quality of stages and understood that children in the same stage could vary greatly in their specific understanding of causality, morality, and so forth.
Correct Answer:
C.
Piaget believed in the dynamic quality of stages and understood that children in the same stage could vary greatly in their specific understanding of causality, morality, and so forth.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Ms. Hernandez is working with 4-year-old Peter, who is afraid of the dark. He believes monsters come out at night like he has seen on TV. Ms. Hernandez patiently explains that there are no real monsters, but to no avail Peter still refuses to go to sleep. What might Piaget propose as the reason for this treatment failure?
Selected Answer:
B.
Peter, at 4 years old, still has difficulty understanding that monsters are not real because he sees monsters on TV.
Correct Answer:
B.
Peter, at 4 years old, still has difficulty understanding that monsters are not real because he sees monsters on TV.
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Assimilation can be described as __________, and accommodation can be described as __________.
Selected Answer:
B.
incorporating information / restructuring information
Correct Answer:
B.
incorporating information / restructuring information
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
Which cognitive achievement underlies a baby’s ability to form an attachment to a specific adult, like a parent or other caregiver?
Selected Answer:
B.
Object permanence
Correct Answer:
B.
Object permanence
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Sam is at home with his two children, 3-year-old Daria and 6-week-old Keith. Sam is reading a story to Daria when baby Keith wakes up and screams for his bottle. Daria gets very upset when Sam leaves her to tend to the baby. Sam tries to explain to his daughter that her baby brother can’t wait, but Daria continues to insist. Sam is concerned that Daria is not accepting her new baby brother. Based on your understanding of preschoolers’ cognitive development, what would you tell Sam?
Selected Answer:
A.
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully understand the needs of another person yet.
Correct Answer:
A.
Daria is probably exhibiting normal cognitive egocentrism because she cannot fully understand the needs of another person yet.