prepare 5 grams of benzyl alcohol. the average yield reported for this synthesis is 50%. calculates how much benzyl chloride you need to start with, use about a 10% excess of koh, and employ the solvent in a ratio of about 100ml of methanol for every 10 grams of benzyl chloride that you start wit.
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how many grams of benzyl chloride will you start with?
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To prepare 5 grams of benzyl alcohol, we need to calculate the amount of benzyl chloride required, considering a 50% average yield for the synthesis. We will also take into account a 10% excess of KOH and the solvent ratio of about 100 ml of methanol per 10 grams of benzyl chloride.
1. Calculate the amount of benzyl alcohol with the desired yield:
- Desired yield: 50%
- Benzyl alcohol required: 5 grams / 50% = 10 grams
2. Determine the amount of benzyl chloride needed, considering the 50% yield:
- Benzyl chloride required: 10 grams / 50% = 20 grams
3. Account for the 10% excess of KOH:
- Excess KOH: 20 grams of benzyl chloride * 10% = 2 grams
4. Determine the final amount of benzyl chloride required, accounting for the excess:
- Final benzyl chloride needed: 20 grams + 2 grams = 22 grams
5. Calculate the amount of methanol required, considering the solvent ratio:
- Methanol required: 100 ml * (22 grams / 10 grams) = 220 ml
Therefore, in order to prepare 5 grams of benzyl alcohol with the given parameters, you will need approximately 22 grams of benzyl chloride and about 220 ml of methanol.