what is the centeraltheme of the ' As Cheap as Coal" portion in Section 8 . 1 of your text. (Point: 1 )

The cost of renewable energy is too high for massive adoption with U. S.
The cost of renewable energy is currently about the same or less than traditional coal generated power.
Pollution generated from renewable source is actually greater than that produceed by coal due to the incorporationof toxic batteries.
The overall cost of the wind and hydroenergy range from 20-30 cents per kWh. All of the above statements are true.

We do not have your textbook.

To determine the central theme of the "As Cheap as Coal" portion in Section 8.1 of your text, we need to analyze the provided statements.

The first statement suggests that the cost of renewable energy is too high for massive adoption in the U.S. This statement implies that renewable energy is not economically viable when compared to other sources such as coal.

The second statement suggests that the cost of renewable energy is currently about the same or less than traditional coal-generated power. This statement contradicts the first statement and indicates that renewable energy can be cost-competitive with coal.

The third statement suggests that pollution generated from renewable sources is actually greater than that produced by coal due to the incorporation of toxic batteries. This statement suggests a potential negative environmental impact of renewable energy.

The fourth statement states that the overall cost of wind and hydroenergy ranges from 20-30 cents per kWh. This statement provides specific cost information for these renewable energy sources.

From these statements, we can conclude that the central theme is that the cost of renewable energy is currently competitive with coal-generated power, but there may be concerns regarding pollution and specific costs of certain renewable sources. Therefore, the correct answer is: The cost of renewable energy is currently about the same or less than traditional coal-generated power.