Label each reactant according to it role or roles in the chemical reaction?
Two different
(OH-) + (HBr) ----> (HOH) + (Br-)
(OH-) + (H3CBr) ----> (H3COH) +(Br-)
Lewis base, bronsted base, nucleophile, lewis acid, bronsted acid, nucleophile
In the chemical reaction (OH-) + (HBr) -> (HOH) + (Br-), the reactants can be labeled as follows:
OH-: Lewis base, Bronsted base, nucleophile
HBr: Bronsted acid
And in the chemical reaction (OH-) + (H3CBr) -> (H3COH) +(Br-), the reactants can be labeled as follows:
OH-: Lewis base, Bronsted base, nucleophile
H3CBr: Lewis acid, Bronsted acid
To label each reactant according to its role in the chemical reaction, we need to understand the definitions of the different terms: Lewis base, Bronsted base, nucleophile, Lewis acid, Bronsted acid, and nucleophile.
- Lewis base: A Lewis base is a molecule or ion that donates an electron pair during a chemical reaction. It is an electron pair donor.
- Bronsted base: A Bronsted base is a molecule or ion that accepts a proton (H+) during a chemical reaction.
- Nucleophile: A nucleophile is a species that donates a pair of electrons to form a chemical bond with an electron-deficient species.
- Lewis acid: A Lewis acid is a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair during a chemical reaction. It is an electron pair acceptor.
- Bronsted acid: A Bronsted acid is a molecule or ion that donates a proton (H+) during a chemical reaction.
- Nucleophile: A nucleophile is a species that donates a pair of electrons to form a chemical bond with an electron-deficient species.
Now, let's label each reactant based on their roles in the given chemical reactions:
1. (OH-) + (HBr) -> (HOH) + (Br-)
- (OH-) is a Lewis base because it donates an electron pair (OH-) to form a chemical bond.
- (HBr) is a Bronsted acid because it donates a proton (H+) during the reaction.
2. (OH-) + (H3CBr) -> (H3COH) + (Br-)
- (OH-) is a Lewis base because it donates an electron pair (OH-) to form a chemical bond.
- (H3CBr) is both a Lewis acid and a Bronsted acid because it accepts an electron pair and donates a proton during the reaction.
In both reactions, (Br-) is a nucleophile because it donates a pair of electrons to form a chemical bond. (HOH) and (H3COH) are the respective products of the reactions.
So, the roles of each reactant in the first reaction are:
- (OH-) as a Lewis base
- (HBr) as a Bronsted acid
- (Br-) as a nucleophile
And the roles of each reactant in the second reaction are:
- (OH-) as a Lewis base
- (H3CBr) as a Lewis acid and a Bronsted acid
- (Br-) as a nucleophile