What's the difference between hypothesis and a theory?

A hypothesis becomes a theory if the experimental details fit. Then theories become laws with time (sometimes the theory must be tweaked to make it fit new data)

The difference between a hypothesis and a theory lies in the stage of scientific investigation and the level of supporting evidence.

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction based on limited evidence or observations. It acts as a starting point for scientific research and is often formulated as an if-then statement. Hypotheses are generally testable and falsifiable, meaning they can be objectively proven wrong. Scientists use experiments and observations to gather data and test the hypothesis. If the results consistently support the hypothesis, it may be considered a provisional explanation until further evidence is obtained.

On the other hand, a theory is a well-substantiated explanation that incorporates a vast amount of evidence from multiple studies and robust experimentation. It goes beyond a single hypothesis and provides a comprehensive framework for understanding a specific phenomenon. A theory is supported by an abundance of empirical data, has withstood rigorous testing, and is widely accepted by the scientific community. Theories are often explanatory and predictive, offering a deeper understanding of how various elements interact and operate.

In summary, a hypothesis is a proposed explanation at the early stage of investigation, while a theory is a well-established and widely accepted explanation that encompasses a broad range of evidence and has stood the test of time.