for the following elements show the allocation of electrons to their orbitals on the basis of the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule.
a) Carbon
b) Silicon
Thanks!
a) Carbon
[He]2s²p²
b) Silicon
[Ne]3s²p²
Hund rule -> fill from bottom to top
Pauli -> first you fill orbitals with one spin and then the other
ex. if you have 4 electrons in p orbitals
P 11 1 1
__ __ __
p.s. if they don't delete this too
I don't understand your trouble here.
6C is 1s2 2s2 2p2. If you want boxes with electrons in them we can't draw that on this forum.
To determine the electron configuration of an element, we need to follow the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule. The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. Hund's rule states that electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy level in such a way as to maximize the number of unpaired electrons before pairing up.
Let's determine the electron configurations of carbon (C) and silicon (Si) using these rules:
a) Carbon (C):
Carbon has an atomic number of 6, which means it has six electrons.
The electronic configuration of carbon is determined by filling up the orbitals in increasing energy levels. The first and second energy levels can hold a maximum of 2 electrons each, while the third energy level can hold up to 8 electrons.
Starting with the lowest energy level, we fill the orbitals:
1s² 2s² 2p²
This configuration follows the Pauli exclusion principle by assigning each electron a unique set of quantum numbers, and Hund's rule is obeyed by placing the first electron in the 2p orbital alone before pairing them up.
b) Silicon (Si):
Silicon has an atomic number of 14, which means it has 14 electrons.
Again, we follow the same process to determine the electron configuration.
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
The first two energy levels are filled, followed by the third energy level. The 2p orbitals are filled with six electrons according to the Pauli exclusion principle, where each orbital has one electron before pairing them up. Finally, the 3s and 3p orbitals are filled as well.
Remember, this method can be used to determine the electron configurations for any element by following the same rules of the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule.