How can you measure the angle of incidence and refraction with a protractor? If not, what are some tools I can use which are found at home?
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry/parallel-and-perpendicular-lines/Angle_basics/v/using-a-protractor
To measure the angle of incidence and refraction with a protractor, you would require a setup involving a light source, a transparent medium such as water or glass, and a protractor. Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Place the transparent medium, such as a glass block, on a flat surface.
2. Set up a light source, preferably a laser pointer, so that it shines through the glass block onto a flat surface, like a table or a piece of paper.
3. Adjust the position of the laser until it is aligned with the glass block and forms a clear beam passing through it.
4. Place the protractor adjacent to the glass block, ensuring it lies flat on the surface.
5. Observe the laser beam as it enters the glass block. Measure and record the angle at which it strikes the surface of the block. This is the angle of incidence.
6. Once the beam passes through the block, observe its path as it exits. Measure and record the angle at which it emerges from the block. This is the angle of refraction.
7. Use the measurements obtained to calculate the angle of refraction using Snell's Law, if necessary.
However, if you don't have a protractor at home, you can use alternatives to measure the angles. Here are some options:
1. Smartphone Apps: There are numerous protractor apps available for smartphones. These apps utilize the device's sensors, such as the gyroscope or accelerometer, to measure angles accurately.
2. Online Protractors: You can find online protractors on various websites. Simply search for "online protractor" and use your device's screen to measure angles.
3. Printable Protractors: Many websites provide printable protractors that you can download, print, and use for measuring angles.
4. DIY Protractor: If you have some cardboard or paperboard at home, you can easily construct a simple protractor using a compass or pencil to mark the degree measurements.
Remember to be cautious and follow safety guidelines when working with any light source, especially lasers.