If type B blood was accidentally given to someone with Type O blood, a defense response called (A)__________ would occur. This is because the type O person has A and B defensive proteins called (B)__________ that would mount a defense against the type B blood, causing clumping.

agglutination

(A) The defense response that would occur if type B blood was accidentally given to someone with Type O blood is called an immune response or an immune reaction.

To understand this defense response, it is important to know about the ABO blood typing system. The ABO system classifies blood into four types: A, B, AB, and O. This classification is based on the presence or absence of specific proteins called antigens on the surface of red blood cells.

In the case of type O blood, individuals do not have A or B antigens on their red blood cells. Type B blood, on the other hand, has B antigens. When type B blood is transfused into a person with type O blood, their immune system recognizes the foreign B antigens as threats.

(B) The defensive proteins called antibodies that are found in the blood of individuals with type O blood are called anti-A and anti-B antibodies. These antibodies are generated naturally by the immune system of people with type O blood.

When type B blood is transfused into a person with type O blood, the antibodies present in the type O blood recognize and bind to the B antigens on the transfused red blood cells. This binding leads to the clumping or agglutination of the red blood cells, a process known as agglutination.

The immune reaction triggered by the encounter of incompatible blood types can have serious consequences, including organ damage and even death. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure proper blood typing and compatibility before transfusing blood to avoid such immune responses.