calculate the concentration of the silver ion remaining in the solution when 10g of solid AgNO3 is added to 50 ml of 1x10-2 M NaCl solution.
mols AgNO3 = grams/molar mass = approx 0.06 but that's only an estimate as are all of the other calculations I do here.
mols NaCl = M x L = approx 5E-4
.......NaCl + AgNO3 ==> AgCl + NaNO3
I......5E-4......0........0......0
add...........0.06..................
C.....-5E-4...-5E-4..................
E.about 0.about 0.06....5E-4
So the final solution consists of about 5E-4 mols solid AgCl in a 50 mL solution that has 0.0595 (that's 0.06mol - 0.0005mol) mols AgNO3 in excess and none of the NaCl.
(AgCl) = saturated solution
(AgNO3) = 0.0595 mols/0.05L = 1.19M
You may ask about the (Ag^+) from the AgCl and that can be calculated as follows to see if there is enough there to be considered.
AgCl ==> Ag^+ + Cl^-
Ksp = (Ag^+)(Cl^-) = 1.8E-10
(Ag^+)total = x from AgCl + 1.19M from excess AgNO3. (Cl^-) = x
Substitute into Ksp to obtain
(x+1.19)(x) = 1.8E-10
x = Cl^- = Ag^+ from AgCl = 1.5E-10 and that is insignificant when compared to 0.0595. That is, total (Ag^+) in the solution is 1.19+1.5E-10 = for all practical purposes 1.19M.
To calculate the concentration of the silver ion remaining in the solution after adding solid AgNO3, we need to consider the reaction between AgNO3 and NaCl.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of AgNO3 reacts with 1 mole of NaCl to form 1 mole of AgCl.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of AgNO3 present in 10 grams. We can use the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
The molar mass of AgNO3 can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of silver (Ag), nitrogen (N), and three oxygen (O) atoms:
molar mass of AgNO3 = atomic mass of Ag + atomic mass of N + (3 x atomic mass of O)
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of NaCl present in 50 ml of the 0.01 M (1x10-2 M) NaCl solution. We can use the formula:
moles = concentration x volume
The volume of the solution can be converted from milliliters (ml) to liters (L) by dividing it by 1000.
After finding the number of moles of AgNO3 and NaCl, we can compare the ratio of moles between them. Since the ratio is 1:1 in the balanced equation, it means that the number of moles of AgNO3 used will be equal to the number of moles of AgCl produced.
Finally, we can calculate the concentration of Ag+ remaining in the solution by using the formula:
concentration = moles / volume
Substituting the calculated moles and the volume of the remaining solution, we can determine the final concentration of the silver ion.