Tukey's HSD test is used
a. prior to performing a one-way ANOVA.
b. to determine the amount of difference between group means.
c. to determine whether the overall difference among groups means is significant.
d. to locate "true" differences after a significant F
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The correct answer is d. to locate "true" differences after a significant F.
When performing a one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance), we first determine whether the overall difference among group means is statistically significant by examining the F-statistic. If the F-statistic is found to be significant, indicating that there is a difference among the group means, then we can proceed to identify where the "true" differences are between specific groups.
This is where Tukey's HSD (honest significant difference) test comes into play. It is a post hoc test that is performed after obtaining a significant F-statistic. Tukey's HSD test helps us determine the specific pairwise differences between group means that are statistically significant. It allows us to compare all possible pairs of means and determine whether the differences are "true" or simply due to random chance.
In summary, Tukey's HSD test is used to locate "true" differences between group means after obtaining a significant F-statistic, helping us identify which specific group means differ from each other significantly.