What volume in liters of C3H7Cl is produced if 400.0g of C3H8 (propane) reacts with excess chlorine gas according to the equation C3H8+ Cl2 --> C3H7Cl+HCl
Write and balance the equation.
Convert 400.0g C3H8 to mols. mol = grams/molar mass
Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert mols C3H8 to mols or the product.
Now convert mols of the product to volume. mols x 22.4 L/mol = Liters.
To calculate the volume of C3H7Cl produced, we need to use the given information and the concept of stoichiometry.
Here's how we can approach the problem step by step:
1. Start with the given mass of C3H8 (propane), which is 400.0g.
2. Convert the mass of C3H8 to moles using its molar mass.
- The molar mass of C3H8 (propane) is approximately 44.1 g/mol.
- Calculate the moles of C3H8 by dividing the mass by its molar mass:
moles of C3H8 = 400.0g / 44.1 g/mol = 9.07 mol
3. Determine the stoichiometric ratio between C3H8 and C3H7Cl using the balanced chemical equation.
- From the balanced equation, we see that 1 mole of C3H8 reacts to produce 1 mole of C3H7Cl.
- Therefore, the moles of C3H7Cl produced will be equal to the moles of C3H8 used.
- So, the moles of C3H7Cl produced is also 9.07 mol.
4. Convert the moles of C3H7Cl to volume using the ideal gas law.
- The ideal gas law equation is: PV = nRT
- V represents the volume of the gas.
- n is the number of moles of the gas, which in our case is 9.07 mol.
- R is the ideal gas constant, which is 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K.
- T is the temperature in Kelvin. Since the temperature is not given, we will assume it is at standard temperature (298 K).
- We can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for V:
V = (nRT) / P
5. Use the given conditions to find the pressure (P).
- The reaction is said to occur with an excess of chlorine gas, which means the pressure will depend on the reaction vessel conditions. Assuming standard pressure (1 atm), we can use that value for P.
6. Substitute the values into the equation and calculate the volume:
V = (9.07 mol * 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 298 K) / 1 atm
V = 226.7 L
Therefore, approximately 226.7 liters of C3H7Cl will be produced when 400.0 grams of C3H8 react with excess chlorine gas.