How would you solve 4[7^(x-2)] = 8

you will have to use logs

4( 7^(x-2) ) = 8
divide both sides by 4
7^(x-2) = 2
take logs of both sides
log (7^(x-2) ) = log 2
by rules of logs
(x-2)(log 7) = log 2
x-2 = log 2/log 7
x = 2 + log2/log7 = appr 2.3562