polar molecule are soluble in water. how does this activity demonstrate polarity of molecule that contain the -OH group.
our activity was to do an experiment mixing 2 diff liquids together to see if they dissolve and tell if its polar or nonpolar.
1. water and oil= polar
2. ethanol and oil= polar
3. water and ethanol= nonpolar.
If I'd known the answer, I would have helped you.
If no one has answered, it's because no one who knows biology has been on Jiskha to see your question.
okk thank you
To understand how the solubility of polar molecules in water demonstrates the polarity of molecules that contain the -OH group, let's break down the concept step by step:
1. Polarity of Molecules: Polarity refers to the presence of partial positive and negative charges within a molecule. Molecules can be polar or nonpolar based on their electronegativity difference and molecular shape. A polar molecule has an uneven distribution of electrons, resulting in a positive end and a negative end.
2. -OH Group in Polar Molecules: The -OH group, also known as the hydroxyl group, is strongly polar due to the high electronegativity of oxygen (O) compared to hydrogen (H). This leads to an uneven sharing of electrons within the -OH group, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.
3. Solubility of Polar Molecules: Water (H2O) is a polar molecule because of its bent molecular shape and the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen. It has a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.
4. H-bonding: The polar nature of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules. When a polar molecule with an -OH group is introduced to water, the partial positive hydrogen atoms in water can interact with the partial negative oxygen atom in the -OH group of the polar molecule. This interaction, known as hydrogen bonding, forms a temporary bond between the water molecules and the polar molecule.
5. Solubility in Water: A polar molecule with an -OH group has the potential to dissolve in water due to the hydrogen bonding between the -OH group and water molecules. These hydrogen bonds help to break the attractive forces within the polar molecule and allow it to mix uniformly with the water molecules.
Based on your activity results:
1. Water and oil: Oil, which typically consists of nonpolar molecules, is insoluble in water as there are no strong attractive forces between nonpolar oil molecules and the polar water molecules.
2. Ethanol and oil: Ethanol, which contains the -OH group, is polar and soluble in water. Therefore, if ethanol mixes with oil, it demonstrates the polar nature of ethanol.
3. Water and ethanol: Both water and ethanol are polar molecules due to the presence of the -OH group. Consequently, they can form hydrogen bonds with each other, resulting in their mutual solubility. If water and ethanol mix and dissolve, it shows that both are polar molecules.
In summary, the solubility of polar molecules containing the -OH group in water demonstrates their polarity because water can form hydrogen bonds with the -OH group, allowing the polar molecule to dissolve.