What effect does the component of force parallel to a bicycle crank have?
The component of force parallel to a bicycle crank is usually referred to as the tangential force. This force is responsible for driving the motion of the bicycle. Let me explain how it affects the bicycle's movement and how you can calculate it.
The tangential force acts in the direction of rotation of the crank. When a rider applies force to the pedals, the tangential force results in turning the crank, which rotates the chainring. This, in turn, transfers the energy to the rear wheel, propelling the bicycle forward. So, the tangential force is the force that ultimately moves the bicycle.
To calculate the tangential force, you need to know the force applied by the rider and the angle between the crank arm and the line connecting the bottom bracket (where the crank is attached) to the pedal axle. This angle is typically referred to as the crank angle.
The tangential force is given by the formula:
Tangential force = Applied force * cos(crank angle)
Here, the applied force is the force exerted by the rider on the pedal, and the crank angle is the angle that the crank arm makes with the bottom bracket-pedal axle line.
By multiplying the applied force with the cosine of the crank angle, you get the magnitude of the tangential force acting on the crank.
In summary, the component of force parallel to the bicycle crank (tangential force) directly affects the forward motion of the bicycle. It is responsible for driving the rotation of the crank and transmitting energy to propel the bicycle. The tangential force can be calculated using the formula mentioned above, taking into account the applied force and the crank angle.