3) what 2 chemical contaminants that can be found in a freshwater source for each one

b) identify a source of contaminants that can be found in a freshwater source for each one.

4) briefly describe how a biological contaminant was able to get into groundwater wells at Walkerton.

please help asap (thanks!)

wow 4 years u did this did you loose a mark for not doing this question?

Wow 4 year till someone else posted the 4 years thing above

3) Two chemical contaminants that can be found in a freshwater source are:

a) Heavy Metals: Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium can contaminate freshwater sources through industrial waste, mining activities, and agricultural runoff. These toxic substances can enter water bodies and accumulate over time, posing health risks to both humans and aquatic life.

b) Pesticides and Herbicides: Pesticides and herbicides used in agriculture and landscaping practices can also contaminate freshwater sources. These chemicals are designed to kill pests or unwanted vegetation, but when excessive amounts are used or not properly managed, they can run off into nearby water bodies and contaminate the water supply.

4) In the case of Walkerton, a town in Ontario, Canada, the biological contaminant that affected groundwater wells was Escherichia coli (E. coli). E. coli is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. The contamination occurred in May 2000 when heavy rainfall caused manure from a nearby cattle farm to be washed into a wellhead protection area for the town's water supply.

The farm's manure had a high concentration of E. coli, and the heavy rain flushed it into the groundwater, contaminating the wells. The contaminated water was then distributed to the town's residents through the municipal water system, leading to an outbreak of waterborne illnesses. This incident highlighted the importance of proper agricultural practices, including manure management, to prevent contamination of groundwater sources.

To answer your questions:

3) There are various chemical contaminants that can be found in freshwater sources. Here are two examples:

- Lead (Pb): This contaminant can enter freshwater sources through corroded pipes, plumbing systems, or mining activities. Lead can have adverse effects on human health, especially in children, causing developmental issues and neurological damage.

- Pesticides: Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture and can find their way into freshwater sources through runoff from fields or improper disposal. These chemicals can have harmful effects on aquatic organisms and can also pose risks to human health when consumed.

It's important to note that there are other chemical contaminants that can be present in freshwater sources, and the specific contaminants can vary depending on the location and surrounding activities.

b) Identifying sources of contaminants in freshwater sources can be complex and requires thorough monitoring and analysis. Here are a couple of examples:

- Industrial discharge: Industries that release their waste or byproducts into water bodies can contribute to contamination. This includes factories that produce chemicals, metals, or other pollutants that might end up in freshwater sources.

- Urban runoff: Urban areas with high population densities often have paved surfaces that can lead to increased runoff during rainfall. This runoff can carry contaminants such as oil, heavy metals, fertilizers, and other substances into nearby rivers, lakes, or groundwater.

4) In the case of the Walkerton incident, biological contamination entered the groundwater wells due to fecal matter from livestock farms getting into the water source. Here's a brief explanation:

Walkerton was a small town in Ontario, Canada, where contamination of the water supply occurred in May 2000. Heavy rainfall caused cattle manure, contaminated with harmful bacteria (specifically E. coli and Campylobacter), to be washed into a shallow, unprotected well near a local farm. The contaminated manure contaminated the well, which was one of the town's sources of drinking water. As a result, over 2,300 people fell ill, and seven deaths occurred due to the consumption of the contaminated water.

The incident highlighted the importance of proper water management, monitoring, and disinfection to prevent the introduction of biological contaminants into the groundwater supply.