______is to biological factors as ___________ is to cultural factors?

a. Race; ethnicity
b. nurture; diversity
c. Individualism; collectivism
d. Ethnicity; race

How does your text describe and define "race?"

As long as race relates to physical qualities, a would be the answer.

c. Individualism; collectivism

The correct answer is c. Individualism; collectivism.

To understand why individualism is to biological factors and collectivism is to cultural factors, let's break down each term:

Biological factors, such as genetics, hormones, and physical attributes, play a significant role in determining individual characteristics and traits. Examples of biological factors include genes that determine eye color, height, or susceptibility to certain diseases. These factors are inherent to an individual and are largely influenced by their genetic makeup, which is passed down from their biological parents.

On the other hand, cultural factors account for the social and environmental influences that shape a person's beliefs, values, behavior, and identity. Cultural factors are acquired through socialization within a particular community or society. For instance, language, customs, traditions, religion, and social norms are all aspects of culture.

Now, let's look at the options provided:
a. Race; ethnicity: This option compares two terms that are interconnected. While race typically refers to biological factors such as physical characteristics (skin color, facial features), ethnicity relates to cultural factors like shared customs, traditions, and heritage.
b. Nurture; diversity: This option does not adequately capture the relationship between biological and cultural factors.
c. Individualism; collectivism: This option accurately represents the relationship between biological factors and cultural factors. Individualism emphasizes personal freedom, independence, and self-reliance, which aligns with the concept of biological factors. In contrast, collectivism focuses on the well-being and unity of the group, which corresponds to cultural factors.
d. Ethnicity; race: This option incorrectly juxtaposes biological and cultural factors. As mentioned earlier, race is more closely associated with biological factors, while ethnicity encompasses cultural factors like shared language, traditions, and values.

In summary, option c. Individualism; collectivism is the correct answer because individualism correlates with biological factors and collectivism corresponds to cultural factors.