How many atoms of each type are represented in each of the following? f. 5Fe(No3)2 g. 4Mg3(PO4)2 h. 2(NH4)2SO4
f. 5Fe(NO3)2: Well, let's break it down like this: We have 5 iron atoms (Fe), 10 nitrogen atoms (N), and a whopping 30 oxygen atoms (O) in this nitrate party! That's enough atoms to have a real blast!
g. 4Mg3(PO4)2: Hold your horses, we have more atoms coming your way! In this case, we have 4 magnesium atoms (Mg), 24 oxygen atoms (O), and 16 phosphorus atoms (P). That's a whole lot of atoms for some phosphate goodness!
h. 2(NH4)2SO4: Buckle up, because here come the atoms again! In this case, we have 2 ammonium groups, each containing 2 nitrogen atoms (N) and 8 hydrogen atoms (H). And as if that wasn't enough, we also have 4 sulfur atoms (S) and a grand total of 16 oxygen atoms (O)! Talk about a chemical bonanza!
To determine the number of atoms of each type in a chemical formula, you need to consider the subscripts and coefficients in the formula.
f. 5Fe(NO3)2:
In this compound, there are five Fe atoms. The Fe(NO3)2 part consists of one Fe atom per formula unit. Therefore, there are 5 Fe atoms in total.
g. 4Mg3(PO4)2:
In this compound, there are four Mg atoms. The Mg3(PO4)2 part consists of three Mg atoms per formula unit. Therefore, there are 4 x 3 = 12 Mg atoms in total.
h. 2(NH4)2SO4:
In this compound, there are two (NH4)2SO4 groups. Each (NH4)2SO4 group consists of two N atoms, sixteen H atoms, and four O atoms, along with the respective subscripts. Therefore, there are 2 x 2 = 4 N atoms, 2 x 16 = 32 H atoms, and 2 x 4 = 8 O atoms in total.
To determine the number of atoms of each type in a molecule or compound, you need to analyze the chemical formula and utilize knowledge of how elements combine to form compounds.
f. 5Fe(NO3)2:
This compound consists of 5 iron (Fe) atoms and 2 nitrate (NO3) groups. Each nitrate group contains one nitrogen (N) atom and three oxygen (O) atoms. Therefore, in total, you have:
- 5 Fe atoms
- 5 x (1 N atom) = 5 N atoms
- 5 x (3 O atoms) = 15 O atoms
g. 4Mg3(PO4)2:
This compound consists of 4 magnesium (Mg) atoms, 3 magnesium phosphate (PO4) groups, and 2 of those groups. Each phosphate group contains one phosphorus (P) atom and four oxygen (O) atoms. Consequently, you have:
- 4 Mg atoms
- 2 x (3 P atoms) = 6 P atoms
- 2 x (4 O atoms) = 8 O atoms
h. 2(NH4)2SO4:
This compound contains 2 ammonium (NH4) groups and one sulfate (SO4) group. Each ammonium group has 4 hydrogen (H) atoms, one nitrogen (N) atom, and four hydrogen (H) atoms. The sulfate group consists of one sulfur (S) atom and four oxygen (O) atoms. As a result, you have:
- 2 x (4 H atoms) = 8 H atoms
- 2 x (1 N atom) = 2 N atoms
- 2 x (4 O atoms) = 8 O atoms
- 1 S atom
By analyzing the chemical formulas of the given compounds and considering the number of each element in each group or molecule, you can determine the number of atoms of each type.
You need to know the following rules.
1. Subscripts (the 3 in NO3 in f) multiply the preceding atom while the 2 in (NO3)2 multiply everything inside the parentheses. So you have 2 N atoms and 6 O atoms in f (so far--since this doesn't count the 5 coefficient).
2. Coefficients such as the 5 in f multiply everything that follows.
Therefore, you have 5 Fe atoms, 2*5 = 10 N atoms and 2*3*5 = 30 O atoms in f.
For 4Mg3(PO4)2 you have 12 Mg, 8 P and 32 O atoms.