Identify the type of structural isomerism that exists in each of the following pairs of compounds.
(a) [CoCl2(NH3)4]Cl·H2O and [CoCl(NH3)4(H2O)]Cl2
coordination isomerism
geometrical isomerism
hydrate isomerism
ionization isomerism
linkage isomerism
optical isomerism
(b) [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl6] and [PtCl2(NH3)4][PtCl4]
coordination isomerism
geometrical isomerism
hydrate isomerism
ionization isomerism
linkage isomerism
optical isomerism
See your post below.
(a) In order to identify the type of structural isomerism that exists between the compounds [CoCl2(NH3)4]Cl·H2O and [CoCl(NH3)4(H2O)]Cl2, we need to compare the arrangement of atoms or ligands in each compound.
The compounds are both coordination complexes of cobalt (Co) with chloride (Cl) ions and ammonia (NH3) ligands. They differ in the coordination of the Co(II) center and the presence or absence of water (H2O) molecules.
In [CoCl2(NH3)4]Cl·H2O, the Co(II) center is coordinated to four ammonia ligands, two chloride ions, and one water molecule. The water molecule is an outer-sphere ligand, meaning it is not directly coordinated to the metal center.
In [CoCl(NH3)4(H2O)]Cl2, the Co(II) center is coordinated to four ammonia ligands and one water molecule. The chloride ions are located outside the coordination sphere and are part of the counter ions.
The type of structural isomerism that exists between these compounds is known as linkage isomerism. Linkage isomerism occurs when the ligands attached to the metal center differ in their coordination mode. In this case, the difference is the coordination of the water molecule in one compound and the absence of water in the other compound.
Therefore, the type of structural isomerism present in this pair of compounds is linkage isomerism.
(b) To identify the type of structural isomerism between [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl6] and [PtCl2(NH3)4][PtCl4], we need to compare the arrangement of atoms or ligands in each compound.
Both compounds are coordination complexes of platinum (Pt) with ammonia (NH3) ligands and chloride (Cl) ions. They differ in the coordination of the Pt(IV) and Pt(II) centers.
In [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl6], the Pt(IV) center is coordinated to four ammonia ligands and six chloride ions. The compound consists of a Pt(IV) complex cation and a Pt(IV) complex anion.
In [PtCl2(NH3)4][PtCl4], the Pt(II) center is coordinated to four ammonia ligands and four chloride ions. The compound consists of a Pt(II) complex cation and a Pt(II) complex anion.
The type of structural isomerism that exists between these compounds is known as ionization isomerism. Ionization isomerism occurs when the counter ions differ while the coordination spheres (ligands surrounding the metal center) remain the same. In this case, the oxidation state of platinum is different, resulting in different counter ions.
Therefore, the type of structural isomerism present in this pair of compounds is ionization isomerism.