Common stock that pays cash dividends can be viewed as:

an annuity—regularly spaced payments of the same dollar amount for a fixed number of periods.
a perpetuity—regularly spaced payments of the same dollar amount that continue indefinitely.
similar to a perpetuity but with irregular spacing of the dividends.
similar to a perpetuity but with dividends that change amount.

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Common stock that pays cash dividends can be viewed as a combination of different financial concepts.

First, it can be seen as an annuity, which refers to regularly spaced payments of the same dollar amount for a fixed number of periods. In this case, the cash dividends paid by the stock can be seen as regular payments received by the stockholders over a specific period of time.

Second, it can also be compared to a perpetuity, which refers to regularly spaced payments of the same dollar amount that continue indefinitely. Although common stock dividends are not guaranteed to continue indefinitely, there is a possibility that the company will continue paying dividends in the future, making it similar to a perpetuity.

Additionally, common stock dividends can have irregular spacing, which means that they do not occur at regular intervals. This would make it similar to a perpetuity with irregular spacing.

Lastly, common stock dividends can also change in amount. The company may increase or decrease the dividend payments over time based on various factors such as profitability, growth prospects, and cash flow. Therefore, common stock with changing dividend amounts can be seen as similar to a perpetuity but with dividends that vary.

In summary, common stock that pays cash dividends can be considered as a combination of different financial concepts, including an annuity, a perpetuity (with regular or irregular spacing), and a perpetuity with changing dividend amounts. The specific characteristics of the stock and its dividend payments would determine which concept is most applicable.