Sam owns an acre of land on Red River. The government dams the river. A lake forms behind the dam, covering Sam's land. Does the government owe Sam anything? If yes why? If no why not?
I believe it comes under the law of eminent domain, so the government does need to pay Sam for the land.
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/eminent+domain
Whether or not the government owes Sam anything depends on the specific laws and regulations in place in the jurisdiction where the land is located. However, in many cases, when the government constructs a dam that results in the flooding or submergence of privately owned land, the concept of "eminent domain" often comes into play.
Eminent domain is the power of the government to take private property for public use, provided that just compensation is provided to the property owner. This power is typically exercised by the government for various public purposes, such as infrastructure development, including the construction of dams and reservoirs.
If Sam's land is taken or significantly affected by the government's damming of the river, it is likely that the government would be required to compensate him for the loss of his property. Compensation may include the fair market value of the land and any improvements, as well as potential damages for loss of use or other related costs.
It is important to note that the specific procedures for exercising eminent domain, the determination of compensation, and any applicable legal protections can vary by jurisdiction. In such a case, Sam should consult local laws, regulations, and possibly legal counsel to understand his rights and seek appropriate compensation.