Pipette 3 drops of oil into a test tube of water and shake. Describe what takes place and why?
- Would it be the oil settles at the top of the water, because the oil is less dense, and its a non-polar substance, so it doesn't mix with a polar substance (water).
Add 1 scoop of NaCl into a test tube of water and shake. Describe what takes place and why.
This one I am confused on because apparently NaCl is nonpolar? But I thought nonpolar can only dissolve in nonpolar? So how does NaCl dissolve in water?
I agree with the oil/water mix.
For NaCl and H2O, who says NaCl is non-polar? It may not be the most polar compound in the world but it's in the top 90% anyway. The electronegativity for Na is about 0.9 and that for Cl is about 3.0 which makes a difference of about 2.1 and that's well over the 50% mark. Don't forget when describing the solubility of NaCl to include that the H2O molecules attract the Na^+ and Cl^- and tear apart the crystalline lattice.
When you add NaCl (sodium chloride) into water and shake, a process called dissolution occurs.
NaCl is an ionic compound and consists of positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-). These ions are attracted to the polar nature of water molecules.
Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has both positively and negatively charged regions. The oxygen atoms in water have a slight negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have a slight positive charge.
When NaCl is added to water, the polar water molecules attract the charged ions, surrounding and separating them from each other. The positively charged sodium ions are attracted to the slightly negative oxygen atoms of water, and the negatively charged chloride ions are attracted to the slightly positive hydrogen atoms of water.
As a result of these attractive forces, NaCl dissolves in water. The individual Na+ and Cl- ions become dispersed throughout the water, forming a homogeneous mixture. This process is called hydration.
It's important to note that ionic compounds like NaCl are different from nonpolar substances. Nonpolar substances do not have charged regions and are typically insoluble or poorly soluble in water. However, polar substances can dissolve in water and form solutions due to the attraction between the polar molecules.