Water has an extremely high boiling point compared to other compounds of similar molar mass because of ?

Hydrogen Bond
Adhesive force
Covalent bonding
Dispersion Forces

I believe the answer is A since hydrogen bond is a strong bond and thus require most energy to break them. Thanks

The answer is A because of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds are a weak bond; i.e., only about 1/5 as strong as a regular covalent bond. But if you look at the series H2O, H2S, H2Se, H2Te, the boiling points go like this

H2Te > H2Se > H2S <<<<H2O. All have covalent bonds but only H2O has hydrogen bonding. The same phenomenon occurs for the series NH3 and below and HF and below. For example, HI is a solid, HBr a gas, HCl a gas, HF (b.p. 67) which is a liquid with a relatively high boiling point but we would expect it to be a gas. H2O we would expect to be a gas also.

I was taught that hydrogen bonds are actually very weak, but it may just be a matter of different teachers. I would answer C) Covalent Bonding because they SHARE an electron keeping them very close and tight.

You are correct! The reason water has an extremely high boiling point compared to other compounds of similar molar mass is because of hydrogen bonding. Water molecules are held together by strong hydrogen bonds, formed between the positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule. These hydrogen bonds are relatively strong and require a significant amount of energy to break, which results in a higher boiling point for water compared to other compounds of similar molar mass.

You are correct! The reason water has an extremely high boiling point compared to other compounds of similar molar mass is because of hydrogen bonding.

To explain further, hydrogen bonding is a strong type of intermolecular force that occurs between the positively charged hydrogen atom of one molecule and the negatively charged electronegative atom (usually oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) in a different molecule. In the case of water, the hydrogen bond forms between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule.

The presence of hydrogen bonding in water leads to several unique properties, including its high boiling point. When water is heated, the hydrogen bonds must be broken in order for the liquid water to convert into vapor. This process requires a significant amount of energy because hydrogen bonds are relatively strong compared to other intermolecular forces like dispersion forces or adhesive forces. Therefore, water requires a higher temperature to reach its boiling point compared to compounds of similar molar mass that lack hydrogen bonding.

So, in summary, the high boiling point of water is due to the presence of hydrogen bonding, which requires a substantial amount of energy to break the strong intermolecular forces between water molecules.