2.8% hydrogen, 9.8% nitrogen,20.5% nickel, 44.5% oxygen, and 22.4% sulfur
determine empirical formula for compounds
I think N was left out of the calculations.
H = 2.8/1 = 2.8
N = 9.8/14 = 0.7
Ni = 20.5/58.7 = 0.349
O = 44.5/16 = 2.78
S = 22.4/32.1 = 0.698
Divide everything by 0.349 and round to whole numbers gives
H = 8
N = 2
Ni = 1
O = 8
S = 2
Ni(SO4)2(NH2)2
However, I am unfamiliar with that compound.
To determine the empirical formula for a compound, we need to find the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound.
In this case, we have the following percentages:
- Hydrogen: 2.8%
- Nitrogen: 9.8%
- Nickel: 20.5%
- Oxygen: 44.5%
- Sulfur: 22.4%
Step 1: Convert the percentages into moles.
To do this, assume we have 100 grams of the compound (this is an arbitrary assumption but helps with calculations). Therefore, the masses of each element are:
- Hydrogen: 100 g x (2.8/100) = 2.8 g
- Nitrogen: 100 g x (9.8/100) = 9.8 g
- Nickel: 100 g x (20.5/100) = 20.5 g
- Oxygen: 100 g x (44.5/100) = 44.5 g
- Sulfur: 100 g x (22.4/100) = 22.4 g
Step 2: Convert the masses into moles.
Use the atomic masses of each element to convert the masses into moles. The atomic masses are:
- Hydrogen: 1 g/mol
- Nitrogen: 14 g/mol
- Nickel: 58.7 g/mol
- Oxygen: 16 g/mol
- Sulfur: 32 g/mol
The number of moles for each element becomes:
- Hydrogen: 2.8 g / 1 g/mol = 2.8 mol
- Nitrogen: 9.8 g / 14 g/mol ≈ 0.7 mol
- Nickel: 20.5 g / 58.7 g/mol ≈ 0.35 mol
- Oxygen: 44.5 g / 16 g/mol ≈ 2.78 mol
- Sulfur: 22.4 g / 32 g/mol ≈ 0.7 mol
Step 3: Divide the moles by the smallest number of moles.
In this case, the smallest number of moles is approximately 0.35 mol (from nickel).
Dividing the number of moles for each element by 0.35 mol yields:
- Hydrogen: 2.8 mol / 0.35 mol = 8
- Nitrogen: 0.7 mol / 0.35 mol = 2
- Nickel: 0.35 mol / 0.35 mol = 1
- Oxygen: 2.78 mol / 0.35 mol ≈ 8
- Sulfur: 0.7 mol / 0.35 mol = 2
The empirical formula for the compound is H8N2NiOS2.
assume you have 1000g
then moles
of H=28g/1.007= 27.8 moles H
of Ni=205g/58.7=3.49 moles Ni
of O=445/16=22.8 moles O
of S=224/32= 7 moles of S
Now take the lowest number, divide it into all the others:
H=27.8/3.49=7.96
Ni=3.49/3.49=1
O=22.8/3.49=6.53
S=7/3.49=2
These are mole ratios of elements. Notice that O is six and a half, we need ratios in whole numbers. So double all numbers.
H=16
Ni=2
O=13
S=4
I wonder if it contains hydrate.. We could pull 8H2O out, and leave
Ni2 S4O5 which looks like a dead end. What if 7 waters were pulled out, we are left wiht
Ni2 H2 S4 O6 or Ni2 (HS2O3)2 which is leads us to
(Ni(HS2O3))2.7H2O
Nickel(+1) compounds are normally found in complex ligands. I am not certain this compound exists in nature. Hypo thiosulfates themselves are not all that common in complexes.
check my math, small errors lead to crazy conclusions.