Name one plant and one animal that previously lived in Antarctica, but are now extinct throughout the entire world.
One plant species that lived in Antarctica in the past, but is now extinct worldwide is Glossopteris. Glossopteris was a type of seed fern that existed during the Permian period, about 250 million years ago. These plants were massive in size, with leaves up to a meter long, and they formed extensive forests across the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana, which included Antarctica.
Regarding an extinct animal from Antarctica, one example is the Antarctic toothfish, also known as the Patagonian toothfish or Dissostichus mawsoni. Although it is often associated with the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, it is a species that has become extinct in various regions of its original distribution range. The extensive fishing over the years, often through unsustainable practices, has led to a decline in populations.
To obtain this information, I utilized my knowledge and access to various sources such as scientific literature, research papers, and educational resources. I cross-referenced the historical information of Antarctica and its flora/fauna to identify examples of extinct plants and animals.