For each template DNA, I prepared a second PCR reaction that includes "GMO" primers. Assume that all three foods had usable plant DNA. Which template DNA (non-GMO,GMO,test food) would you expect to show successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence? I said all three because the template DNA requires very little, DNA is required as starting material. And PCR generates millions of copies of target sequences in short amount of time.

To determine which template DNA would show successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence using the PCR reaction with "GMO" primers, let's break down the process and understand the key factors involved.

1. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): PCR is a molecular biology technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence. It involves multiple cycles of heating, cooling, and replication using specific primers.

2. Primers: Primers are short DNA sequences that are complementary to the target DNA sequence. They act as starting points for DNA replication by DNA polymerase enzyme.

In your scenario, you have three types of template DNA: non-GMO, GMO, and test food. Let's consider each of them individually:

1. Non-GMO Template DNA: As the name suggests, non-GMO template DNA would not contain the sequence of interest for GMO detection. Therefore, when using "GMO" primers, successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence would not be expected from non-GMO template DNA. The primers would not find a match and would not initiate DNA replication.

2. GMO Template DNA: GMO template DNA, which has been genetically modified, contains the sequence of interest for GMO detection. When "GMO" primers specific to this target sequence are used, successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence would be expected. The primers would specifically bind to the target sequence and initiate DNA replication, resulting in amplification.

3. Test Food Template DNA: Test food template DNA is a sample taken from a food source that is unknown in terms of GMO status. It could either be non-GMO or GMO. If the test food contains GMO, then successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence would be expected using "GMO" primers. However, if the test food does not contain GMO, the amplification would not occur as the target sequence would not be present.

To summarize, based on the specific primers used, successful amplification of the "GMO" target sequence would be expected from GMO template DNA and test food containing GMO. Non-GMO template DNA would not show successful amplification as the target sequence is absent.