What percentage of the Ba2+ in solution is precipitated as BaCO3(s) if equal volumes of 2.4*10^-3 M Na2CO3(s) and 1.1*10^-3M BaCl2(aq) are mixed
To find the percentage of the Ba2+ in solution that is precipitated as BaCO3(s), we need to determine the limiting reagent and use stoichiometry to calculate the amount of BaCO3(s) formed.
Step 1: Write the balanced equation for the reaction between BaCl2 and Na2CO3:
BaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) -> BaCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
Step 2: Calculate the moles of BaCl2 and Na2CO3 available in the given volumes of their respective solutions.
Moles of BaCl2 = concentration of BaCl2 * volume of BaCl2 solution
= 1.1 * 10^-3 mol/L * volume (in liters)
Moles of Na2CO3 = concentration of Na2CO3 * volume of Na2CO3 solution
= 2.4 * 10^-3 mol/L * volume (in liters)
Step 3: Determine the limiting reagent. The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product formed.
To find the limiting reagent, compare the moles of BaCl2 and Na2CO3. Whichever is in lesser quantity is the limiting reagent.
Step 4: Use stoichiometry to calculate the moles of BaCO3 formed.
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of BaCl2 reacts with 1 mole of Na2CO3 to produce 1 mole of BaCO3. Therefore, the moles of BaCO3 formed is equal to the moles of the limiting reagent.
Step 5: Calculate the percentage of Ba2+ precipitated as BaCO3.
The percentage is calculated by taking the moles of BaCO3 formed and dividing it by the initial moles of Ba2+ (from BaCl2) in the solution, and then multiplying by 100.
Percentage = (moles of BaCO3 / moles of Ba2+) * 100
Substitute the moles of BaCO3 and moles of Ba2+ into the equation to calculate the percentage.
Make sure to also convert the volume from milliliters to liters to ensure the units cancel out correctly.
Note: In this explanation, the assumption is made that the reaction goes to completion and there are no other factors affecting the precipitation of BaCO3.
I hope this step-by-step explanation helps you understand the process of calculating the percentage of Ba2+ precipitated as BaCO3(s) in the given solution.