In the twentieth centruy, which country had a caste system based on race?
a. India
b. the USA
c. South Africa
d. a and b only
e. b and c only
India
To determine which country in the twentieth century had a caste system based on race, we can analyze the given options.
a. India: India did have a caste system, but it was primarily based on social hierarchy and occupation rather than race. Therefore, India is not the correct answer.
b. The USA: The United States had a racial segregation system, particularly in the southern states, known as Jim Crow laws. While it was not technically a caste system, it enforced racial discrimination and segregation. Therefore, the USA is partially correct.
c. South Africa: South Africa is the correct answer. During the twentieth century, South Africa implemented a system called apartheid, which was an institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination policy. It divided people into different racial groups, including Whites, Blacks, Coloreds, and Asians. These groups faced various legal and social restrictions based on their racial classification.
d. and e. Based on the analyses of the previous options, we can determine that the correct answer is option "d" - South Africa had a caste system based on race, and the USA had a racial segregation system.
Therefore, the country that had a caste system based on race in the twentieth century was South Africa (option c), and the country that had a racial segregation system was the USA (option b). The correct answer is option "e" - b and c only.