I don't get what the question is asking?
Question: How were the evils of the Industrial Revolution addressed in England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?
Some of the evils of the Industrial Revolution included dirt, pollution, child labor, and unsafe working conditions.
What did England do to try and correct these problems?
There were reforms such as establishing acts and laws.
Thank you, Ms. Sue.
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Understanding the question is the first step in providing a comprehensive answer. The question asks how the negative aspects or problems caused by the Industrial Revolution were dealt with in England during the 18th and 19th centuries. To answer this question, we need to consider the issues that arose during the Industrial Revolution and how the English society, government, and various movements attempted to address them.
To begin, let's break down the question by identifying the "evils" or negative aspects that occurred during the Industrial Revolution in England. These included poor working conditions, long working hours, child labor, low wages, unsafe machinery, crowded living conditions, and environmental pollution.
Now, to address these problems, several measures were undertaken during the 18th and 19th centuries in England:
1. Labor and Factory Acts: The government passed a series of laws known as the Factory Acts, starting in 1802. These acts aimed to regulate working conditions, limit working hours, and improve safety standards in factories. For example, the Factory Act of 1833 restricted child labor and set minimum working hours and age limits for children.
2. Trade Unions: Workers formed organized groups called trade unions to advocate for improved wages, better working conditions, and workers' rights. Through collective bargaining, strikes, and negotiations, these unions exerted pressure on employers and the government to address labor issues.
3. Social Reform Movements: Various social reform movements emerged during this time, such as the Chartist Movement and the Chartists. These movements sought to improve the conditions of the working class by advocating for political and social reforms, including universal suffrage and education reforms.
4. Public Health and Sanitation: Recognizing the negative consequences of overcrowding and unsanitary living conditions, some individuals and organizations campaigned for better public health measures. Prominent figures like Edwin Chadwick and Florence Nightingale pushed for sanitary reforms, leading to the formation of better sewage systems, healthier living conditions, and the establishment of public health boards.
It is essential to note that these measures were not all implemented at once, but rather through a gradual process over the course of the 18th and 19th centuries. The evils of the Industrial Revolution were addressed through a combination of legislative reforms, social movements, workers' rights advocacy, and improved sanitation measures.