Problem 1:

Multiplication Drill
Computers can perform calculations extremely quickly and accurately, but it's often handy to calculate with the computers we carry around inside our heads.

Write a program to drill you in multiplication tables. Your program should read a single line of input containing an integer, and print out the multiples of that number up to 12 times that number.

Here is an example interactive session between your program and a user:
Enter a number: 3

3 x 1 = 3
3 x 2 = 6
3 x 3 = 9
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 5 = 15
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 7 = 21
3 x 8 = 24
3 x 9 = 27
3 x 10 = 30
3 x 11 = 33
3 x 12 = 36

Problem 2:
Pyramids

You have always wanted to visit the Pyramids of Giza but unfortunately you've got too much homework to do!

To try and help with your travel withdrawals, you decide to write a program to generate pyramids for you. ASCII art pyramids are the next best thing, right?

Write a Python program to read in the width of the pyramid. Your program should then print out a pyramid using asterisks. For example:

Enter width: 2
*
* *

Problem 3:

Simon Says

Simon Says is a children’s game in which a leader gives instructions in the form of "Simon says put your hands in the air" and the players have to do what they say. However, if the leader gives an instruction without starting with 'Simon says' the players do nothing.

Write a program that plays this game. It should read in lines of input until a blank line is entered. If the line starts with Simon says it should print out the rest of the line. Lines that do not start with Simon says should be ignored.

Here is an example interaction between your program and the user:

Enter: jump
Enter: Simon says shout loudly
shout loudly
Enter: Simon would like you to eat a frog
Enter: Simon says clap your hands
clap your hands
Enter:

Problem 4:
Meaning of Life - What is the meaning of life? This hotly debated and philosophised question has existed since the dawn of time. If you've read The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, then you'll know that the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything is 42.

Write a program to ask the user What is the meaning of life?. Your program should keep asking the user this question until the user answers 42. Each time the user enters something that is not 42, your program should print out Incorrect.

You should keep track of the number of attempts it took the user to guess 42. After the user finally guesses 42, your program should output You got it in X attempt(s)!, where X is the number of attempts made. So, for example:

What is the meaning of life? To be a good person
Incorrect.
What is the meaning of life? To play monopoly
Incorrect.
What is the meaning of life? 42
You got it in 3 attempt(s)!

Here is another example:
What is the meaning of life? 42
You got it in 1 attempt(s)!
Problem 5:

Sequel Rating

You love a movie, but is it worth watching its sequel? If the rating it gets online is better or the same, then you might like to watch it.

You should write a Python program to ask the user for two ratings; the rating of the original movie and the rating of the sequel. Your program should then announce either that The sequel is worth it! or Give it a miss..

If the rating of the sequel is less than that of the original, your program should output Give it a miss.. Otherwise, it should output The sequel is worth it!

For example:

Enter the original rating: 90
Enter the sequel rating: 100
The sequel is worth it!

Here is another example:

Enter the original rating: 50
Enter the sequel rating: 10
Give it a miss.

dghdg

To solve these programming problems, you can use Python programming language. Python is a popular and beginner-friendly language that has a simple and readable syntax.

Problem 1: Multiplication Drill

Here's a Python program that solves Problem 1:

```python
# Read the input number
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Print the multiples of the number
for i in range(1, 13):
result = number * i
print(f"{number} x {i} = {result}")
```

To understand how this program works:

1. The program first reads the input number using the `input()` function and converts it to an integer using the `int()` function.

2. Then, a `for` loop is used to iterate from 1 to 12 (inclusive) using the `range()` function. The loop variable `i` represents the current multiple.

3. Inside the loop, the program calculates the result by multiplying the input number (`number`) with the current multiple (`i`).

4. Finally, the program prints the multiplication expression using the `print()` function and formatted string (f-string) syntax.

You can run this program and test it by entering different numbers as input.

Problem 2: Pyramids

Here's a Python program that solves Problem 2:

```python
# Read the width of the pyramid
width = int(input("Enter width: "))

# Print the pyramid with asterisks
for i in range(1, width+1):
print(" " * (width - i) + "* " * i)
```

To understand how this program works:

1. The program first reads the input width using the `input()` function and converts it to an integer using the `int()` function.

2. Then, a `for` loop is used to iterate from 1 to the input width (inclusive) using the `range()` function. The loop variable `i` represents the current row of the pyramid.

3. Inside the loop, the program prints spaces (`" "`) multiplied by (`width - i`) to create the left indentation of each row.

4. Then, the program prints asterisks (`* `) multiplied by (`i`) to create the pyramid structure.

5. Finally, the program moves to the next line using the default newline character.

You can run this program and test it by entering different width values.

Problem 3: Simon Says

Here's a Python program that solves Problem 3:

```python
# Read lines of input until a blank line is entered
while True:
line = input("Enter: ")

# Check if the line starts with "Simon says"
if line.startswith("Simon says"):
# Print the rest of the line
print(line[11:])

# Check if the line is blank
if line == "":
break
```

To understand how this program works:

1. The program uses a `while True` loop to continuously read lines of input.

2. Inside the loop, the program reads a line of input using the `input()` function and assigns it to the variable `line`.

3. The program checks if the line starts with the string "Simon says" using the `startswith()` method. If it does, the program prints the rest of the line (after the 11th character) using string slicing.

4. The program then checks if the line is blank by comparing it to an empty string (`""`). If it is, the loop breaks, and the program exits.

You can run this program and test it by entering different lines of input.

Problem 4: Meaning of Life

Here's a Python program that solves Problem 4:

```python
# Initialize the variable for number of attempts
attempts = 0

# Loop until the user enters 42
while True:
answer = input("What is the meaning of life? ")
attempts += 1

# Check if the answer is correct
if answer == "42":
print(f"You got it in {attempts} attempt(s)!")
break

# If the answer is incorrect
print("Incorrect.")
```

To understand how this program works:

1. The program uses a `while True` loop to continuously ask the user for their answer.

2. Inside the loop, the program reads the user's answer using the `input()` function and assigns it to the variable `answer`.

3. The program increments the number of attempts by 1 using the `+=` operator.

4. The program checks if the answer is correct by comparing it to the string "42". If it is, the program prints the success message and the number of attempts using an f-string, and then breaks out of the loop to exit the program.

5. If the answer is incorrect, the program prints the "Incorrect." message.

You can run this program and test it by entering different answers.

Problem 5: Sequel Rating

Here's a Python program that solves Problem 5:

```python
# Read the original rating
original_rating = int(input("Enter the original rating: "))

# Read the sequel rating
sequel_rating = int(input("Enter the sequel rating: "))

# Compare the ratings and print the result
if sequel_rating >= original_rating:
print("The sequel is worth it!")
else:
print("Give it a miss.")
```

To understand how this program works:

1. The program reads the original rating and the sequel rating using the `input()` function and converts them to integers using the `int()` function.

2. The program then compares the sequel rating to the original rating using the greater than or equal to (`>=`) operator.

3. If the sequel rating is greater than or equal to the original rating, the program prints "The sequel is worth it!".

4. If the sequel rating is less than the original rating, the program prints "Give it a miss.".

You can run this program and test it by entering different original and sequel ratings.

I hope this helps you understand how to solve these programming problems. Let me know if you have any further questions!