Sometimes people get caught in a “downward spiral,” a case in which something leads to a result which in turn leads to more of the original thing, bringing on more of the result. As the process continues, the result continually gets worse and worse. An example is when people turn to binge eating when depressed, which causes them to put on weight and feel unhealthy, which then makes them more depressed, leading to more overeating, and so on.

The author is mainly concerned with

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The author is mainly concerned with explaining the concept of a "downward spiral" and how it can negatively impact individuals. They provide an example of how this phenomenon occurs when people turn to binge eating while feeling depressed, which in turn leads to weight gain and further feelings of unhealthiness. This perpetuates a cycle where the person becomes more depressed, leading to more overeating, and so on. The author aims to highlight the detrimental effects of a downward spiral and its tendency to worsen over time.