Posted by Anonymous on Friday, May 4, 2012 at 5:14pm.
Buffers work because of the way they are constructed. Buffers consist of a weak acid and a salt of the weak acid. For example, HF for the weak acid and NaF as the salt.
When a strong acid, such as HCl, is added, the multiple H^+ are used up by the salt to form more of the weak acid HF.
F^- + H^+ ==> HF. Effectively you are taking a strong acid and making it into a weak acid which ionizes only partially. When we add a base, such as NaOH, to the solution, it is used up by the acid. HF + NaOH ==> NaF + H2O. So the base is neutralized by the weak acid to form the salt + water.
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