In Gandhi's account, the person practicing civil disobedience:
Openly and civilly breaks an unjust law and quietly suffers the resulting penalty.
Must refuse compliance with all of that society's laws for the sake of consistency.
Is justified in retaliating against the abuses of the policy.
All of the above.
To determine the correct answer to this multiple-choice question, let's break it down and examine each option individually:
A) Openly and civilly breaks an unjust law and quietly suffers the resulting penalty.
B) Must refuse compliance with all of that society's laws for the sake of consistency.
C) Is justified in retaliating against the abuses of the policy.
D) All of the above.
To find the right answer, we need to refer to Gandhi's account of civil disobedience. Gandhi believed in the power of civil disobedience as a means of nonviolent resistance against unjust laws or policies. He advocated for breaking unjust laws openly and civilly, accepting the ensuing penalties without resorting to violence. This aligns with option A.
However, Gandhi did not believe in refusing compliance with all of society's laws for the sake of consistency. Instead, he emphasized selectively breaking unjust laws, demonstrating that civil disobedience was driven by a moral and ethical imperative, rather than a rejection of all laws. Consequently, option B is not in line with Gandhi's views on civil disobedience.
Lastly, Gandhi did not support the idea of retaliating against the abuses of a policy. He viewed nonviolence as the core principle guiding civil disobedience, and violence would contradict the spirit of nonviolent resistance. Therefore, option C is also not consistent with Gandhi's philosophy.
Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is option A) "Openly and civilly breaks an unjust law and quietly suffers the resulting penalty."