How do I write these compounds in their "true form" or Ionic State?
NaCl, CuSO4, NH4OH
How do i find the charges?
Look on the periodic table. Na is in group I, therefore +1. If Na is +1 then Cl must bave -1 (also it's in group 17) and needs only 1 electron to fill its outer shell.
Cu^2+ + SO4^2-
NH4OH doesn't exist. It's a convenient symbolism to use for the reaction of
NH3(g) + H2O(l) ==> NH4^+ + OH^-
It makes it easy to say that
NH3 + H2O forms NH4OH and that dissociates into NH4^+ and OH-. In fact I taught that for 30 years until definitive studies showed no sign of the NH4OH molecule when NH3 is dissolved in H2O.