Resistance exercises improve muscular strength in persons with such conditions as ________.

A. Multiple sclerosis and stroke

B. Cerebral palsy and spinal cord injuries

C. Cognitive disability

D. All of the above

d

To find the answer to this question, we can start by understanding what resistance exercises are and how they work. Resistance exercises involve using an external load, such as weights or resistance bands, to work against the muscles' force. These exercises help to build muscular strength and endurance.

Now, we need to determine which conditions can benefit from resistance exercises to improve muscular strength. Let's evaluate each option:

A. Multiple sclerosis and stroke: Both multiple sclerosis and stroke can result in muscle weakness and reduced muscle function. Resistance exercises can be beneficial in improving muscular strength for individuals with these conditions. So, option A is a valid choice.

B. Cerebral palsy and spinal cord injuries: Cerebral palsy and spinal cord injuries often lead to muscle spasticity, weakness, and imbalances. Resistance exercises can help strengthen muscles and improve mobility for individuals with these conditions. So, option B is also a valid choice.

C. Cognitive disability: Cognitive disability refers to limitations in cognitive abilities such as thinking, reasoning, and learning. It does not directly impact muscular strength, so it is less likely to be improved through resistance exercises. Option C is unlikely to be correct.

Considering the explanations above, the correct answer is option D: All of the above. Resistance exercises can indeed improve muscular strength in persons with multiple sclerosis, stroke, cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injuries.