which of the following has the highest bugger capacity?
A 0.10M H2PO4-/0.10M HPO4 -2
B 0.50 M H2PO4-/0.10 M HPO 2-
C 0.10 M H2PO4-/0.50 M HPO4 2-
D 0.50 M H2PO4-/0.50M HPO4 2-
E They all hae the same buffer capacity.
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To determine which of the given options has the highest buffer capacity, we need to understand the concept of buffer capacity first.
Buffer capacity refers to the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH when an acid or a base is added to it. It is a measure of how well the buffer can maintain its pH value.
The buffer capacity depends on the concentrations of both the acidic and basic components of the buffer. A higher concentration of both the acid and its conjugate base will result in a higher buffer capacity.
Let's analyze each option:
A) 0.10 M H2PO4-/0.10 M HPO4 2-
B) 0.50 M H2PO4-/0.10 M HPO 2-
C) 0.10 M H2PO4-/0.50 M HPO4 2-
D) 0.50 M H2PO4-/0.50 M HPO4 2-
E) They all have the same buffer capacity.
To compare the buffer capacities, we need to look at the concentrations of the acidic component (H2PO4-) and its conjugate base (HPO4 2-) in each option.
Options A, C, and E have the same concentration of H2PO4- (0.10 M), but the concentration of HPO4 2- differs.
Option A has HPO4 2- at 0.10 M, Option C has HPO4 2- at 0.50 M, and Option E states that they all have the same buffer capacity.
Option B has a higher concentration of H2PO4- (0.50 M) compared to the previous options, but its concentration of HPO4 2- is the same (0.10 M) as in Option A.
Option D has the highest concentration of H2PO4- (0.50 M) compared to all the options and the same concentration of HPO4 2- (0.50 M) as in Option C.
Therefore, Option D (0.50 M H2PO4-/0.50 M HPO4 2-) has the highest buffer capacity because it has the highest concentrations of both the acidic and basic components.
To summarize, when comparing the given options, the one with the highest buffer capacity is Option D.