if an argument does not commit a fallacy, it is a)necessarily valid b)necessarily sound c)Not enough information to determine d) Both A and B

To determine whether an argument is necessarily valid or necessarily sound, we need to understand the concepts of validity and soundness in logic.

Valid:

An argument is considered valid if the conclusion logically follows from the premises. In other words, if the premises are assumed to be true, the conclusion must also be true. Validity does not depend on the actual truth or falsity of the premises or the conclusion, but rather on the logical structure of the argument itself.

To determine the validity of an argument, you can use deductive reasoning. Start by identifying the premises (statements that are presumed to be true) and the conclusion. Then, evaluate the logical relationships between them to see if the conclusion truly follows from the premises. This can be done through techniques such as direct deduction, indirect deduction (contradiction), or truth tables.

Sound:

An argument is considered sound if it is valid and all of its premises are actually true. Soundness combines both logical validity and truth in the premises. If an argument is sound, it means that not only does the conclusion logically follow from the premises, but also the premises themselves are true.

To determine the soundness of an argument, you need to establish the validity and the truth of the premises. Once you have determined the validity of the argument, verify the truthfulness of each premise by examining evidence or using reliable sources.

Answer:

Given the question, if an argument does not commit a fallacy, it does not necessarily mean that it is valid or sound.

Option c) "Not enough information to determine" is the correct answer because fallacies alone do not determine the validity or soundness of an argument. A fallacy is a mistake in reasoning or an error in the logic of the argument, but it doesn't inherently make the argument invalid or unsound. It just indicates that the argument has used faulty reasoning or flawed logic.

To establish whether an argument is valid or sound, further evaluation is required, specifically assessing the logical structure and the truthfulness of its premises. Thus, without more information, we cannot determine whether the argument is necessarily valid (option a), necessarily sound (option b), or both (option d).