A industrial raw material has the following composition by mas: iron = 28.1%; chlorine =35.7%; water of crystallization = 36.2%. Calculate the formular for the material. [H= 1.00, O=16.0, Cl =35.5, Fe=56.0].
Assume you have 100 grams of the stuff.
Then moles of iron=28.1/atomicmassFe
moles of Cl= 35.7/35
moles of water= 36.2/18
now divide each of those by the lowest (you have do the mass). You will have somethign like this..
iron=.5
cl=1
water=2
dividing by the least..
iron 1
cl=2
water=4
Formula: FeCl2.4H2O
Is correct
Very correct
To calculate the formula for the industrial raw material, we need to determine the ratio of the elements in the composition.
First, let's convert the percentages into masses:
Iron (Fe): 28.1% of total mass
Chlorine (Cl): 35.7% of total mass
Water of crystallization (H2O): 36.2% of total mass
Next, let's calculate the masses of each element:
Iron (Fe) = 28.1% of total mass
= 28.1/100 * total mass
Chlorine (Cl) = 35.7% of total mass
= 35.7/100 * total mass
Water of crystallization (H2O) = 36.2% of total mass
= 36.2/100 * total mass
Now, let's calculate the number of moles (n) for each element:
Number of moles (n) = mass (in grams) / molar mass
Molar masses:
H = 1.00 g/mol
O = 16.0 g/mol
Cl = 35.5 g/mol
Fe = 56.0 g/mol
Number of moles of iron (Fe):
n(Fe) = (28.1/100 * total mass) / molar mass of Fe
Number of moles of chlorine (Cl):
n(Cl) = (35.7/100 * total mass) / molar mass of Cl
Number of moles of water (H2O):
n(H2O) = (36.2/100 * total mass) / (2 * molar mass of H + molar mass of O)
Since the formula for the raw material contains water of crystallization (H2O), we need to divide the number of moles of iron and chlorine by the same factor to simplify the formula.
Divide the number of moles of iron and chlorine by the smallest number of moles between them. Let's assume that the number of moles of iron is the smallest in this case.
Divide the number of moles of iron (n(Fe)) and chlorine (n(Cl)) by n(Fe):
n(Fe) / n(Fe) = 1
n(Cl) / n(Fe) = (n(Cl) / n(Fe))
Now, let's calculate the simplified ratio for the formula:
Simple ratio = (n(Fe) / n(Fe)) : (n(Cl) / n(Fe))
For example, if n(Fe) = 2 and n(Cl) = 3, the simple ratio would be 2:3.
Finally, write the formula using the simple ratio and consider the molar masses:
The formula for the material = (Fe:Cl)x(H2O)
For example, if the simple ratio is 2:3, and the molar masses are:
Fe = 56.0 g/mol
Cl = 35.5 g/mol
The formula for the material would be:
Fe2Cl3(H2O)
Note: This is a general explanation of how to calculate the formula. To obtain the actual formula, you need to plug in the specific values given in the question.