Can you help me with these question(s) please???



What substance does a cell use to power active transport?

Describe the movement of material during diffusion.

Describe the movement of material during active transport.

I would appreciate any help whatsoever. Thank you.

kathy

Of course, Kathy! I'd be happy to help you with these questions. Let's take them one by one:

1. What substance does a cell use to power active transport?

Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient, meaning from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. To achieve this, cells need to expend energy. The primary source of energy for active transport is a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is synthesized during cellular respiration and acts as a carrier of chemical energy within the cell. It provides the necessary energy for various cellular processes, including active transport.

2. Describe the movement of material during diffusion.

Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It occurs spontaneously and does not require an input of energy. In a solution, such as the cytoplasm inside the cell or the extracellular fluid outside the cell, molecules are in constant random motion. As a result, they collide and interact with each other. Net movement occurs when molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached, where the concentration is equal throughout. Diffusion allows essential molecules, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, to passively enter and exit cells.

3. Describe the movement of material during active transport.

Active transport involves the movement of molecules or ions across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient, which requires the input of energy. Unlike diffusion, active transport relies on membrane proteins called pumps or carriers, which undergo conformational changes to transport specific substances. These pumps use the energy derived from ATP to actively move molecules or ions from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process allows cells to accumulate essential substances or eliminate waste substances against their natural concentration gradients.

I hope this helps! If you have any further questions, feel free to ask.