A lead bullet with a mass of 8.50 g traveling at 4.80 x 102 m/s strikes a 2.00 kg block of wood and is embedded in it. Both the bullet and the block are initially at 25.0°C. Assume that no heat is lost to the surroundings and that all the kinetic energy of the bullet is converted into heat in the block. The specific heat capacity of wood is

2.1 J/g • K and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/g • K.

Kinetic energy will convert to 4.18

To find the change in temperature of the wood block, we can use the principle of conservation of energy.

1. First, let's determine the initial kinetic energy of the lead bullet. The formula for calculating kinetic energy is:

Kinetic energy = 0.5 * mass * velocity^2

Plugging in the values, we have:
Kinetic energy = 0.5 * 8.50 g * (4.80 x 10^2)^2

2. The bullet's kinetic energy is converted into heat energy in the wood block. To find the heat energy gained by the block, we use the formula:

Heat energy = mass * specific heat capacity * change in temperature

Here, the mass of the block is 2.00 kg, and the specific heat capacity of wood is given as 2.1 J/g • K. However, we need to convert the mass into grams before calculating the heat energy. So, 2.00 kg is equal to 2000 g.

Heat energy = 2000 g * 2.1 J/g • K * change in temperature

3. Since all the bullet's kinetic energy is converted into heat, we can equate the two energy equations:

0.5 * 8.50 g * (4.80 x 10^2)^2 = 2000 g * 2.1 J/g • K * change in temperature

Solving for the change in temperature:
change in temperature = (0.5 * 8.50 g * (4.80 x 10^2)^2) / (2000 g * 2.1 J/g • K)

4. Calculate the change in temperature to get the result.

Note: The specific heat capacity of water is mentioned in the question but is not used in this particular calculation.