how did the representatives became independent from the english parliament?
And i tried wikipedia
Which representatives? When? Where?
Describe how are represtative governments became more and more independent from the english parliament and king
To understand how the representatives became independent from the English Parliament, we need to examine historical events leading up to this development.
In the early 17th century, England was ruled by an absolute monarchy, with the king holding supreme power. However, tensions started to arise between the king, Charles I, and the Parliament over issues such as taxation and religious reforms. These tensions eventually led to a civil war in 1642 between the royalists (supporters of the king) and the parliamentarians (led by Oliver Cromwell).
The parliamentarians won the civil war and effectively took control of England in 1649, leading to the establishment of the Commonwealth under Cromwell's rule. During this time, the monarchy was abolished, and power was invested in Parliament.
Following Cromwell's death, there was a period of political instability, known as the Interregnum. In 1660, the monarchy was restored under Charles II. This period is often referred to as the Restoration.
One of the crucial events leading to the independence of representatives from the English Parliament was the Glorious Revolution of 1688. After years of religious and political conflicts, William of Orange (a Protestant Dutch stadtholder) was invited by a group of English nobles to invade England and take the throne from the Catholic King James II.
William of Orange, along with his wife Mary (who was James II's Protestant daughter), successfully overthrew James II without any bloodshed. This event is considered "glorious" because it resulted in a relatively peaceful transition of power and established important constitutional changes.
In the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution, the English Parliament passed the Bill of Rights in 1689. This bill outlined the rights and privileges of Parliament while limiting the powers of the monarchy. It effectively established the principles of constitutional monarchy and parliamentary sovereignty.
These events marked a significant turning point in English history, granting more independence to representatives within the English Parliament. The Glorious Revolution and the subsequent Bill of Rights shifted the balance of power from the monarchy to Parliament, ensuring that representatives had more control and influence in the decision-making process.
While Wikipedia is a valuable source of information, sometimes historical events can be complex and require multiple references or additional research. It's always a good idea to consult multiple reliable sources to gather a comprehensive understanding of a topic.