Which group forced the Chinese to acknowledge their claim to the mandate of heaven and sign a treaty in 1127 C.E
The group that forced the Chinese to acknowledge their claim to the mandate of heaven and sign a treaty in 1127 C.E. was the Jurchen people, specifically the Jin Dynasty.
To find this answer, you can follow these steps:
1. Start by understanding the historical context. In the 12th century, the Jin Dynasty was a powerful empire in northern China, while the Song Dynasty ruled the south. The two dynasties frequently clashed over territorial control.
2. Research the major events during the 12th century in China. This can include wars, invasions, and treaties.
3. Focus on the year 1127 C.E. During this time, the Jin Dynasty launched a successful military campaign against the Song Dynasty, eventually capturing its capital, Kaifeng.
4. The Song Dynasty was then forced to sign a treaty with the Jin Dynasty. This treaty, known as the Treaty of Shaoxing, was signed in 1127 C.E. under the pressure of the Jurchens.
5. The Treaty of Shaoxing recognized the Jin Dynasty's claim to the mandate of heaven, thereby acknowledging their legitimacy as rulers. This was a significant concession by the Song Dynasty, as it recognized the Jin Dynasty as their superior.
So, the answer to your question is that the Jurchens, ruling under the Jin Dynasty, forced the Chinese to acknowledge their claim to the mandate of heaven and sign the Treaty of Shaoxing in 1127 C.E.