a) How will the concentration of NaOH be affected if during the titration some of the solid potassium hydrogen phthalate was spilled during the transfer? Will the concentration of the standardized NaOH increase, decrease, or have no effect?
b) How will the molar mass of an unknown acid be affected if some of the solid remained after the titration was complete? Will the concentration of the molar increase, decrease, or have no effect?
c) How will the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar be affected if the liquid retained in the pipet is blown out? Will the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar increase, decrease, or have no effect?
d) How will the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar be affected if during the titration an air bubble appears in the tip of the buret? Will the concentration increase, decrease, or have no effect?
See your other post above.
No change
a) If some of the solid potassium hydrogen phthalate was spilled during the transfer, it would mean that less of the solid would be available for the reaction with NaOH during the titration. This would result in less moles of potassium hydrogen phthalate reacting with the NaOH, leading to a decrease in the amount of NaOH required to neutralize the solution. Therefore, the concentration of the standardized NaOH would decrease.
b) If some of the solid of the unknown acid remained after the titration was complete, it would imply that the reaction did not consume all of the acid. This would result in a lower moles of acid consumed during the titration, which leads to a lower calculated molar mass. Thus, the molar mass of the unknown acid would decrease.
c) If the liquid retained in the pipet is blown out, it would mean that a portion of the acetic acid in vinegar is lost. As a result, the total volume of acetic acid in the vinegar is reduced while the mass remains constant. Consequently, the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar would increase.
d) If an air bubble appears in the tip of the buret during the titration, it can affect the accuracy of the titration. This is because the volume of NaOH dispensed may not be accurate due to the presence of the air bubble. However, since the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar is not affected by the air bubble, the concentration would remain unchanged.