In each of the four examples listed below, one of the given variables is independent (x) and one of the given variables is dependent (y). Indicate in each case which variable is independent and which variable is dependent.

I. Rainfall; Crop yield
II. Taxi fare; Length of ride
III. Alcohol consumption; Blood alcohol level
IV. Average annual snowfall; Geographic location

An independent variable is the potential stimulus or cause, usually directly manipulated by the experimenter, so it could also be called a manipulative variable.

A dependent variable is the response or measure of results.

I. dependent variable

II. independent variable
III. independent variable
IV. dependent variable

Is this correct?

To determine which variable is independent and which one is dependent in each example, you need to understand the relationship between the variables and how they are related to each other.

I. Rainfall; Crop yield:
In this case, the variable "rainfall" is the independent variable as it determines the amount of water available for the crops. The variable "crop yield" depends on the amount of rainfall, so it is the dependent variable.

II. Taxi fare; Length of ride:
Here, the variable "length of ride" is the independent variable. The taxi fare is determined based on the distance traveled, so it depends on the length of the ride. Hence, the variable "taxi fare" is the dependent variable.

III. Alcohol consumption; Blood alcohol level:
The variable "alcohol consumption" is the independent variable since it is the factor that determines the blood alcohol level. The blood alcohol level depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, making it the dependent variable in this case.

IV. Average annual snowfall; Geographic location:
In this example, the variable "geographic location" is the independent variable. The average annual snowfall depends on where the location is, so it is the dependent variable.

Understanding the context and the cause-effect relationship between the variables helps you identify which one is independent and which one is dependent in each case.