Definitions...

Militarism:

The belief that the military is the answer to problems a nation has.

Alliance:

Relationship between states.

Balance of power:

Sharing of power that no single nation can control or mess about with.

Dreadnought:

Largest battleship created by Britain.

If you can then please add to these so I can get a better understanding of these terms, I tried checking dictionary online, but hard to understand, easier if you explain to me in your own words. Thanks =D

The only thing I can add is that an alliance is a friendship between nations. It usually means that they will support each other in times of war.

Ok Thank you, I don't know much about the Dreadnought, could you expand on that definition?

The Dreadnought had many big guns and started an arms race in Europe to get the most deadly war ship.

Certainly! Here are some additional explanations for the terms you mentioned:

Militarism:
Militarism refers to the belief or policy that a country should maintain a strong military and use it as the primary solution for addressing national issues or conflicts. It often involves the glorification and expansion of the military, as well as the prioritization of military strength over other aspects of society such as diplomacy or social welfare.

Alliance:
An alliance is a formal or informal relationship between two or more states or countries, usually established to achieve common goals or objectives. Alliances can take various forms and can be based on mutual defense, economic cooperation, political solidarity, or other shared interests. Such alliances can help nations enhance their security, strengthen their economies, or exert influence on global affairs by pooling their resources and coordinating their actions.

Balance of power:
The balance of power is an equilibrium or distribution of military, economic, and political strength among nations that aims to prevent any single country from dominating or threatening others. It is a concept rooted in the idea that a stable international system can be achieved when multiple nations or blocs have relatively equal capabilities, creating a sense of deterrence against aggression and promoting peace through mutual respect and caution.

Dreadnought:
The term "dreadnought" originally referred to a specific type of battleship, specifically the HMS Dreadnought, which was a revolutionary warship introduced by the British Royal Navy in 1906. The HMS Dreadnought had significant advances in firepower, armor, and propulsion, making it the most technologically advanced battleship at the time. However, the term "dreadnought" is often used more broadly to refer to any large, heavily armed, and heavily armored battleship. The introduction of dreadnoughts had a significant impact on naval warfare strategies and sparked an arms race among major powers during the early 20th century.