Calculate [H3O+] and [OH-] in 0.22 M KOH(aq). This is a strong base.
To calculate the concentrations of hydronium ions ([H3O+]) and hydroxide ions ([OH-]) in a strong base solution, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction.
KOH is a strong base that dissociates completely in water:
KOH(aq) → K+(aq) + OH-(aq)
Since KOH is a strong base, the concentration of OH- ions will be equal to the concentration of KOH.
Given that the concentration of KOH is 0.22 M, we can conclude that the concentration of OH- ions is also 0.22 M.
In a neutral solution, the concentrations of [H3O+] and [OH-] are equal. However, since we have a strong base solution, the concentration of OH- will be higher than [H3O+].
To calculate the concentration of H3O+ and OH- in a solution of KOH, we need to understand that KOH is a strong base that dissociates completely when it dissolves in water.
The chemical equation for the dissociation of KOH in water is:
KOH(aq) → K+(aq) + OH-(aq)
From this equation, we can see that KOH produces one hydroxide ion (OH-) for every one potassium ion (K+). Therefore, the concentration of OH- in the solution will be equal to the concentration of KOH.
Given that the concentration of KOH is 0.22 M, we can conclude that the concentration of OH- in the solution is also 0.22 M.
However, to calculate the concentration of H3O+, we need to consider that water can also partially dissociate into H3O+ and OH-. In pure water, the concentration of H3O+ is equal to the concentration of OH-, which is 1.0 x 10^-7 M at 25°C.
Since KOH is a strong base, it will react with H3O+ from the water to form water molecules. This means that the concentration of H3O+ in the solution will be reduced.
To determine the new concentration of H3O+, we need to subtract the concentration of OH- (0.22 M) from the initial concentration of H3O+ in pure water (1.0 x 10^-7 M). However, since the concentration of OH- is much higher than H3O+ in this case, the remaining H3O+ concentration can be considered negligible.
Therefore, in a 0.22 M KOH solution, the concentration of H3O+ is effectively 0 M, and the concentration of OH- is 0.22 M.
Note: This approximation is valid for strong bases that fully dissociate and have a significantly higher concentration of OH- compared to H3O+.