explain why wheather ballons are not completely filled with gas before they sail into the upper astmosphere
The balloons expand as they rise finally bursting. If they were filled too much they would burst soon after leaving the ground.
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Weather balloons are not completely filled with gas before they sail into the upper atmosphere due to several reasons:
1. Expansion: As a balloon rises in altitude, the atmospheric pressure decreases. Higher altitudes have lower pressure because there is less air above pushing down. If a balloon is filled with gas at ground level, it would expand as it ascends due to the decreasing atmospheric pressure. If the balloon was completely filled with gas at ground level, it could burst or rupture at higher altitudes.
2. Safety: Overinflating a balloon with gas can make it less stable and more prone to bursting. To ensure the safety of the equipment and those involved, weather balloons are filled to a specific size that allows for expansion as it rises. This prevents the balloon from becoming overly pressurized and potentially bursting.
3. Instrumentation: Weather balloons are typically equipped with various instruments and measuring devices for atmospheric research. These instruments need to be accommodated within the balloon, so leaving space for them is essential. Filling the balloon completely with gas would not allow for the inclusion of instruments, limiting the data gathering capabilities during the ascent.
To achieve the desired ascent and safety, weather balloons are filled with just enough gas to provide buoyancy and lift off the ground. As they ascend into the upper atmosphere, the gas inside the balloon expands due to the decreasing atmospheric pressure, allowing the balloon to rise to higher altitudes.