analyze and explain the buffer system in buffered aspirin(carboxyic acid)
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To analyze and explain the buffer system in buffered aspirin, it is important to first understand what a buffer is. A buffer is a solution that helps maintain the pH of a system by resisting changes in its acidity or alkalinity. It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
In the case of buffered aspirin, the active ingredient is acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), which is a weak acid. However, ASA can lead to an upset stomach or gastrointestinal irritation due to its acidic nature. To address this issue, buffered aspirin incorporates a buffer system to enhance its tolerability.
Buffered aspirin typically contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), which act as the weak base component of the buffer system. These substances react with the excess acid produced by ASA, minimizing its impact on the stomach lining.
Here's how the buffer system in buffered aspirin works:
1. When buffered aspirin is ingested, ASA is broken down in the stomach into acetylsalicylate ions (ASA^-), which yields hydrogen ions (H+) as a result.
2. The calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate in the buffered aspirin tablet reacts with the hydrogen ions, forming water and releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) gas.
3. This reaction helps neutralize the excess acidity caused by the ASA, reducing the irritation potential on the stomach lining.
The presence of the buffering agents, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate, helps in maintaining a relatively constant pH in the stomach, making buffered aspirin more tolerable for individuals prone to stomach upset or gastrointestinal issues.
In summary, the buffer system in buffered aspirin employs calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate to neutralize excess acidity caused by the ASA, resulting in a more stomach-friendly formulation.