nitrobenzene + hono2 on dilution with h2so4 gives ?
To determine the product when nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) reacts with HONO2 (nitrous acid) in the presence of diluted H2SO4 (sulfuric acid), we need to consider the reaction mechanism and the different functional groups involved.
The reaction you are describing involves the nitration of nitrobenzene. Let's break down the reaction steps:
1. Nitrous acid (HONO2) in the presence of a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), undergoes a reaction to form nitrosyl cation (NO+).
HONO2 + H2SO4 → NO+ + HSO4- + H2O
2. The nitrosyl cation (NO+) acts as an electrophile and attacks the aromatic ring of nitrobenzene.
C6H5NO2 + NO+ → C6H5NO2+ + NO
3. The resulting C6H5NO2+ undergoes deprotonation in the presence of excess H2SO4, resulting in the formation of nitro groups (-NO2) in the para position with respect to the nitro group.
C6H5NO2+ + H2SO4 → C6H4(NO2)2 + H3O+ + HSO4-
Therefore, the product of the reaction between nitrobenzene and HONO2 in the presence of diluted H2SO4 is dinitrobenzene (C6H4(NO2)2) along with the formation of H3O+ and HSO4- ions.
It is worth noting that this reaction is highly exothermic and can be hazardous if not conducted under controlled conditions by experienced individuals. It is important to exercise caution and adhere to appropriate safety protocols when working with such substances.