mechanism of natural selection( heritability, variation, differential reproductive success) how it works with behavioral examples
here is a good start.
http://wolfweb.unr.edu/homepage/vpravosu/Classes/NaturalSelection.pdf
i have one more question
What is evolution why is it so hotly debated who was/is instrumental in shaping how we consider life? Express the
belief/science behind the argument for and against?
That looks like four questions.
Evolution is gradual change. It's debated among a few people because they find it hard to believe that man's ancient ancestors were not always human.
You'll find a lot more information at this site.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/
The mechanism of natural selection relies on three key components: heritability, variation, and differential reproductive success. Let's explore how each of these elements works and provide examples from the behavioral realm.
1. Heritability: Heritability refers to the transmission of traits from one generation to the next through genes. Traits that are influenced by genes have the potential to be passed down to offspring. This allows for the propagation of specific traits within a population over time. For example, if a certain behavior is determined by genetic factors, individuals possessing that behavior are more likely to pass it on to their offspring.
2. Variation: Variation refers to the presence of different traits within a population. Individuals within a species exhibit diverse characteristics due to a combination of genetic variation and environmental influences. These variations can play a crucial role in natural selection. In behavioral terms, different individual behaviors can exist within a population due to genetic and environmental factors. For instance, within a group of chimpanzees, some individuals may exhibit more cooperative behaviors, while others may display more competitive behaviors.
3. Differential reproductive success: This refers to the unequal chances of individuals with different traits to survive and reproduce. Certain traits may confer advantages or disadvantages in terms of an organism's ability to survive, find mates, secure resources, or adapt to changes in the environment. Individuals possessing advantageous traits are more likely to have higher reproductive success, passing those traits on to the next generation. For a behavioral example, consider a bird species where males with brighter, more colorful plumage attract more mates and have higher reproductive success, while duller males have less chance of reproductive success.
In summary, natural selection operates by heritability, variation, and differential reproductive success. Behaviors influenced by genetics, subject to variation within a population, and leading to differential reproductive success are key elements for explaining how natural selection works in the realm of behavior.